乡城流动与儿童认知发展:基于2012年中国城镇化与劳动移民调查数据的分析

Abstract

Abstract:

The current research is an attempt to analyze the effects of rural-to-urban migration on children's cognitive ability by employing census data from Survey on Urbanization and Migration of China in 2012, conducted mainly on the basis of reproduction theory and cognitive development theory. On the basis of registered permanent residence and place of residence, children in this research will be classified into four categories:left-behind children, children with non-migrant parents, migrant children, and urban native children. Differences in children's cognitive ability in Chinese, mathematics, and English is attested by variance analysis in our empirical study. Propensity score matching is employed to analyze the net effect of migration on left-behind children's cognitive ability. Last, the multiple regression model is adopted to analyze important factors influencing children's cognitive ability at preschool and school-age stages. It is discovered that, due to significant benefits from a relatively superior family background, explicit cognitive advantages manifest in migrant children compared with left-behind children. The cognitive ability development of migrant children has been substantially improved by the "transfer" mechanism during the process of rural-to-urban migration. On the other hand, almost no prominent correlation could be observed between parents' working away from home and the cognitive behaviors of left-behind children, whereas the cognitive disadvantages should be primarily attributed to other factors such as economic and cultural poverty, multi-child families, the low acceptance rate of preschool education, and the poor quality of schools. Nonetheless, the overall level of migrant children's cognition is still lower than that of urban children, and this implies that the advantage to migrant children's cognitive ability brought by rural-to-urban migration is still restricted because of the internal class restrictions.

Key words: migrant workers' children, cognitive ability, social mobility, class reproduction, propensity score matching

YAN Bohan. Effects of Rural-to-Urban Migration to Children's Cognitive Ability Development in China:Analysis Based on Census Data of Urbanization and Migration in 2012[J]. Chinese Journal of Sociology, 2017, 37(4): 59-89.

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Effects of Rural-to-Urban Migration to Children's Cognitive Ability Development in China:Analysis Based on Census Data of Urbanization and Migration in 2012

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