资源分布、阶层地位与社会支持
基于东亚华人社会的比较

Abstract

Abstract:

Abstract： In Chinese societies, kinship relations always play a very important role in social support due to the impact of Confucian culture. The establishment of the modern welfare system including social assistance and pensions has shifted the overreliance on personal networks for social support to using the formal multilevel support system. Current scholars have studied social support from the network structural perspective. This paper tries to apply the social status perspective to the study of social support. At present there are two theoretical perspectives, i.e., the theory of resource distribution and the theory of social status block, the former emphasizing how the distribution of economic resources and political power structure influence individuals’ network selection and utilization, and the latter emphasizing how social stratification controls people’s social contact and interaction to influence the accessible network resources. Facing the theoretical limitations, the author proposes a new analytical framework of “distribution of resourcestructure of class’(DRSC)” to examine the selection of social support by the urban citizens in the Chinese societies in East Asia based on the 2006 Asia Barometer Survey. The findings suggest that, in Mainland China, which had the “Supplementary Welfare” system, and in Hong Kong and Taiwan, which had the “Productivist Welfare Capitalism,” social status made significant differences in the selection of social support by the urban citizens. To be specific, when selecting the formal or mixed support, compared with Mainland China, educational status and selection of mixed social support networks produced higher positive coefficients among Hong Kong and Taiwan residents, whereas among Mainland Chinese, the higher positive coefficients were for the relationship between educational status and selection of formal social support. However, there was no difference in the impact of employment status on social support selection in the three regions. The new analytic framework received good empirical support. For social policies, justice in resource distribution is the key to resolving the class inequality in social support.

Key words: stratification, social support, social structure, distribution of resources

FAN Xiaoguang. Distribution of Resources, Social Class, and Social Support: Comparisons of the Chinese Societies in East Asia[J]. Chinese Journal of Sociology, 2012, 32(4): 93-111.

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Distribution of Resources, Social Class, and Social Support: Comparisons of the Chinese Societies in East Asia

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