现代生命的“社会化”图景

Abstract

Abstract:

For neo-Kantian sociologist Georg Simmel, the principal task of sociology is to answer the question of “how is society possible?”, a reference to Kant's question of “what is nature possible”. This paper explores Simmel's preoccupation with the problem of unity in modern fragmentary individuality. In examining how individuals interact with the surrounding modern world and form self-images, Simmel, in a Kantian tradition, views the world as representation of the subject and hence the subject matter of sociology shall be forms of socialization, or the so-called “formal sociology”. However, his sociological and philosophical inquiries not only go beyond the conventional Kantian understanding of forms but also repudiate Kant's intellectualistic outlook. The diverging point is that for Simmel, rather than rational cognition, “being” is of paramount importance. Influenced by Goethe's life and work, Simmel develops a life philosophy that converges the dichotomy between life and form, and between noumena and phenomena. His approach resides somewhere in between Kantian and Goethean worldview, providing a possibility for modern individuality to form profound bounds with the world yet to avoid being estranged by forms. This essay argues that Simmel's concept of life, i.e. the Individual Law demands the deepest unity of life and form to reconcile the dichotomy between the subjective and the external, and thus to overcome the strangeness and fragmentation of modern condition.

Key words: formal sociology, conflict, modern individual, Simmel, vergesellschaftung

JI Yanru. “Vergesellschaftung” of Modern Life[J]. Chinese Journal of Sociology, 2018, 38(5): 41-69.

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“Vergesellschaftung” of Modern Life

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