Chinese Journal of Sociology ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 166-202.

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Material Devices and Value Struggles in the World of Commodities: “Re-marketization” in French Economic Sociology: Taking from Bourdieu's Economic Field

XIE Chongyun1,2   

  1. 1. School of Social Development, East China Normal University;
    2. Laboratoire Institutions et Dynamiques Historiques de l'Économie et de la Société(IDHES), École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay
  • Published:2021-11-23

Abstract: Confronting with the world of commodities, the contemporary French economic sociology, represented by Economics of Conventions and Sociology of Translation, seeks to reveal the value struggles in capitalist markets and their logic of change. In order to do so, it renews attention to the long neglected "reflexivity" of actors, probes into material market devices and questions singular phenomena that cannot be reduced to social space such as commodity prices. In so doing, French economic sociology stepped away from Bourdieu's "de-marketized" conceptual system and offered a research approach of "remarketization". Firstly, this paper points out the central problem of Bourdieu's market model in contemporary French thinking. Due to the non-reflexive "economic habitus" and priori commodity value, the concept of "economic field" is socially deterministic and reductionist, overlooking both the "market" problem in economics and the empirical "marketplaces". Secondly, this paper analyzes the uncertainty of commodity values and prices, a common concern of Economics of Conventions and Sociology of Translation in response to social reductionism. It also analyzes the valuation capacity of actors and the "agency" of non-human devices in response to social determinism, and concludes with a discussion on the logic of innovation and change in capitalist markets. Economic actors critique or defend the price of a certain or a certain type of commodity based on familiar values and valuation forms, and then reconstruct a provisional "bien commun" about the commodity world (the hierarchy of things and their price) in micro-transactional, meso-industrial and macro-economic dimensions. Lastly, the paper discusses two schools' recent reflection on their own concepts, namely asymmetry of "qualculative devices" and "limited reflexivity", and points out that although they still refer back to "economic field" in the dimension of power relations, both schools place emphasis on the relative independence of the commodity world from social space, and distance themselves from rigid structuralism.

Key words: world of commodities, reflectivity, market devices, struggle of values, economic field