无须德性的伦理生活——黑格尔论现代社会的理念

Abstract

Abstract: Hegel’s concept of “Sittlichkeit” can help us to clarify the ideal of modern society and the challenge it poses to traditional ethical practices. By comparing it with the ancient concept of “” （ethos）， we are able to see the dynamics and ideas of modern society. In Aristotle, “” constitutes a way of life that is constructed by means of customs， laws， and polity to shape human desires and appetites. Laws， institutions and customs are never self-sufficient and complete for the ethical space between natural virtues and intellectual virtues. They are fundamentally depended on human virtues. In contrast， in Hegel’s “Sittlichkeit”， modern ethical life is able to incorporate our various desires into system as “activities” by means of complete and rational laws and institutions. In principle， modern men do not need to be highly virtuous to pacify and transform their desires and win the recognition of others and freedom. By simply obeying laws and institutions， this could be achieved. However， while modern society can offer us economic， social and political independence and freedom， it cannot provide us with a place to live that is a truly comparable to a home. What we need to think is that whether we have other possibilities besides the rationalization and perfection of laws and institutions. For us， a nation with a strong ethical tradition， the future still depends on whether we can find and revive those ethical traits from our own tradition to steer rationalised laws and institutions to create a communal life worthy of desire.

Key words: desire, ethos, virtue, laws, civil society

CHEN Tao. Ethical Life without Virtue: Hegel on the Ideal of Modern Society[J]. Chinese Journal of Sociology, 2022, 42(5): 95-123.

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Ethical Life without Virtue: Hegel on the Ideal of Modern Society

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