社会杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 68-94.

• 专题二：文化社会学 • 上一篇    下一篇

当高学历青年成为花艺师：技能型职业的文化赋魅与职业地位重构

张卓君(), 李煜   

  • 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2026-01-20
  • 作者简介:张卓君  西南财经大学社会发展研究院，E-mail: zhuojun_zhang2022@126.com
    李煜  复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院

When Highly Educated Young People become Florists: The Cultural Enchantment and Social Status Reconstruction of Skilled Occupations

Zhuojun ZHANG(), Yu LI   

  • Online:2025-11-20 Published:2026-01-20
  • About author:ZHANG Zhuojun, Research Institute of Social Development, Southwestern University of Finance and Economic, E-mail: zhuojun_zhang2022@126.com
    LI Yu, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University

RichHTML

3

PDF

33

摘要：

本研究以文化社会学领域的“符号边界”理论为框架，基于对20名具有本科学历的花艺师的访谈，探讨知识青年如何通过文化赋魅推动技能型职业地位提升。研究认为，区别于传统的职业地位的权力决定论与社会封闭理论，具有非标准化特性的技能型职业因其操作技能与产品评价标准的多元性，为通过符号边界重构创新评价模式、以文化赋魅实现职业地位提升提供了空间。具体而言，花艺师通过产品作品化（从花材交易到美学创作）、身份精英化（从包花工到花艺师）、场景展演化（从货架式交易到专业化展示）三维符号边界重构，再塑技能劳动的价值评价体系，最终使花艺师脱离传统的蓝领阶层，其职业地位得以重塑。本研究通过揭示以文化赋魅驱动职业地位提升的机制，为突破青年就业意愿与现有岗位供给之间的错位所形成的结构性就业困境、建立更多元的职业评价模型提供了新路径。

关键词: 技能型职业, 新手工艺, 符号边界, 文化赋魅, 职业地位

Abstract:

This study employs the "symbolic boundaries" theory from cultural sociology as its framework. Based on interviews with 20 florists holding bachelor's degrees, it explores how educated youth leverage cultural enchantment to elevate the status of skilled occupations. The research focuses on two core issues: empirically, how highly educated youth transform their professional image through specific practices; and theoretically how skilled professions achieve status elevation with the aid of cultural enchantment. The term "cultural enchantment" as defined in this study does not refer to a profession gaining elevated status due to changes in its intrinsic cultural attributes. Instead, it denotes a scenario where enchantment occurs under new evaluative dimensions created by the reconstruction of symbolic boundaries. The driving mechanism does not stem from the cultural accumulation of the profession itself but arises from updates in the social classification system. The study argues that, distinct from the power determinism and social closure theories associated with traditional professional status, skilled professions characterized by non-standardization—due to the diversity of their operational skills and product evaluation criteria—provide space for innovating evaluation models through the reconstruction of symbolic boundaries, thereby achieving professional status enhancement via cultural enchantment. Specifically, florists reshape the value evaluation system of skilled labor through the reconstruction of symbolic boundaries in three dimensions: the transformation of products into artworks (from floral material transactions to aesthetic creations), the elitization of identity (from flower arrangers to florists), and the theatricalization of scenarios (from shelf-style transactions to professional displays). Ultimately, this enables florists to break away from the traditional trajectory of the blue-collar class and achieve professional status transformation. By revealing the mechanism through which cultural enchantment drives the elevation of professional status, this study offers a new pathway to address the structural employment dilemma caused by the mismatch between youth employment aspirations and existing job supply, and to establish a more diverse professional evaluation model.

Key words: skilled occupations, neo-craft, symbolic boundary, cultural enchantment, occupational status