社会杂志 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 38-74.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

方法论与生活世界 舒茨主体间性理论再讨论

孙飞宇  北京大学社会学系   

  1. 北京大学社会学系
  • 出版日期:2013-01-20 发布日期:2013-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 孙飞宇 北京大学社会学系 E-mail:sunfeiyu@pku.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:孙飞宇 北京大学社会学系

Methodology and the Lifeworld:Revisit the Discussion on Schutz’s Intersubjectivity Theory

SUN Feiyu,Sociology Department, Peking University   

  1. Sociology Department, Peking University
  • Online:2013-01-20 Published:2013-01-20
  • Contact: SUN Feiyu,Sociology Department, Peking University E-mail:sunfeiyu@pku.edu.cn
  • About author:SUN Feiyu,Sociology Department, Peking University

摘要:

舒茨从对个体行动的意识分析出发,基于胡塞尔的现象学与伯格森的意识哲学,对韦伯所建立的社会科学概念体系作了一个意义基础的建构工作,并进而运用理想类型的方法发展出了自己的社会世界的图景。在这一工作中,对他者问题的处理涉及了一系列深具社会学意涵的问题,而其核心则是主体间性问题。对主体间性之可能性这一问题的探讨,从社会思想史的传统脉络来看,不仅关涉社会学如何可能的问题,在舒茨的努力下,更成为了一项通过以我群群体为基础的、有意义的生活世界这一概念来回答近现代以来社会学的核心方法论问题——社会如何可能——的基本追求。

关键词: 主体间性, 现象学社会学, 方法论, 生活世界

Abstract:

Based on Husserl’s phenomenology and Bergson’s philosophy of consciousness, Alfred Schutz, from an analysis of the consciousness behind individual actions, started theory building based on Weber’s social scientific conceptual system according to its key concept of “meaning” and further developed his own structure of social world by the method of the Ideal Type. In this work, the issue of otherness has raised a series of sociological questions, especially the question of intersubjectivity. Within the tradition of social thoughts, via Schutz’ beginning effort to answer the essential methodological question in modern sociology through the meaningful lifeworld that is based on the werelations, the probability of intersubjectivity is not only a key question as to how sociology is possible; it is also a question of how society is possible. In this paper, with the discussion of Schutz’s work placed within the history of methodological thinking, the author argues that Schutz’s work on sociological methodology provides us with a new possibility to understand the lifeworld of modern individual, and further, a way to reflect upon current sociological research in China.

Key words: intersubjectivity, phenomenological sociology, methodology, lifeworld