社会杂志 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 175-196.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

执政党对私营企业的统合策略及其效应分析:基于中国私营企业调查数据的实证研究

何轩1, 马骏2   

  1. 1. 广东外语外贸大学经济贸易学院, 广东外语外贸大学粤商研究中心;
    2. 中山大学管理学院, 中山大学中国家族企业研究中心
  • 出版日期:2016-09-20 发布日期:2016-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 马骏中 E-mail:asdalx123@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    本研究得到国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国家族企业与制度环境的共生演化:以企业家精神配置为视角的经验性研究”（71572051）的支持和“企业家中庸思维对于‘家族意图——家族企业代理人治理模式’关系模型的影响机理研究”（71272083）的支持。本研究得到了浙江省浙商研究中心重大招标课题“浙商与粤商企业的比较研究——基于族群的商帮研究新范式”（ZSZD1401）的支持。

The Chinese Communist Party's Integration Policy Towards Private Enterprises and Its Effectiveness: An Analysis of the Ninth National Survey of Chinese Private Enterprises

HE Xuan1, MA Jun2   

  1. 1. School of Economics and Trade, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies;Center for Cantonese Merchants, Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesAuthor;
    2. Sun Yat-sen Business School, Sun Yat-Sen University;Research Center for Chinese Family Firm, Sun Yat-Sen University
  • Online:2016-09-20 Published:2016-09-20
  • Supported by:

    The research was sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China "Co-Evolution of Chinese Family Business and Institutional Environment:Empirical Study Based on Allocation of Entrepreneurship" (71572051) and "Moderating Effect of Entreprenuer's Zhongyong Thinking Style on the Relationship Between Family Intention and Agent Governance Mode" (71272083);the research was sponsored by Zhejiang Major Tender Subject of Zhejiang Province Research Center "A Comparative Study of Zhejiang and Guangdong Enterprises:A New Paradigm of Business Group Research Based on Ethnic Group" (ZSZD1401).

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摘要：

自改革开放以来，中国社会呈现政党国家与社会渐次分离的状况，集中体现在执政党权力范围的收缩和以私营企业为代表的社会新兴力量的成长与集聚。首先，本文通过理论阐述和案例分析发现，执政党与私营企业之间并非单向的吸纳与嵌入，更多表现为一种相互融入的共生关系。其次，基于对第九次全国私营企业家调查数据的分析进一步发现，在所辖企业中设立了党组织且自身具有党员身份的私营企业主对于执政党相关政策的认可度更高，同时也更加偏好生产性活动和长期导向活动的投入。结论表明，中国共产党通过自下而上的政治吸纳型和自上而下的组织嵌入型统合这两种分散政治压力的有效途径，在一定程度上实现了对私营企业的分类控制，在巩固执政合法性的同时，成功引导私营企业承担社会功能。

关键词: 组织嵌入, 中国共产党, 政治吸纳, 私营企业

Abstract:

Since the Chinese economic reform, the CCP has gradually moved towards a separation of party-state from society, manifested in the withdraw of the party power in many areas of society and the growth of the new power of private enterprises. The CCP has actively reformed itself as it has evolved from a revolutionary party into a governing party. The Party's support of and collaboration with private enterprises, a powerful and indispensable force in Chinese economy, is a good example of such a change. Instead of focusing on political acceptance and organizational infiltration as most of the existing studies have done, this paper examines the political incorporation of the CCP's Integration Policy towards private enterprises. Theoretical analysis, supported by case studies, indicates that the relationship between the ruling party and private businesses is not, contrary to the common understanding, a unidirectional absorption and penetration by the Party. Instead, it is an interdependent and mutually beneficial relationship. A further empirical examination of the Ninth National Survey of Private Enterprises confirms that private businesses that have set up CCP organizations or with owners themselves CCP members identify more strongly with the ruling party policies, and are more active in production expansion and long-term growth. It appears that the CCP Integration Policy towards private enterprises has effectively utilized both the "top-down" organizational infiltration and the "bottom-up" political integration. In so doing, the CCP maintains its control over private enterprises. Not only does it consolidate the governing legitimacy of the Party but also enables private businesses to fulfill its social function. The policy helps the Party successfully avoid the formation of non-institutionalized powers outside the system.

Key words: private business, Chinese Communist Party, organizational embeddedness, political absorption