2008 Vol.28

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Types of the Ethnic Relationships in Modern China Ma Rong Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (1): 1-1.   Abstract （2832）      PDF（pc） （702KB）（689）       Knowledge map    Save Due to various historical reasons, all ethnic groups and tribes within one nation can vary in their cultural traditions and their historical relationships with the central government. Variability is also seen in their economic status and power, as well as in their members’ access to resources and opportunities for development. These crossgroup differences should never be neglected. All governments must be realistic and respect their states at present and in the past when making policies for different ethnic groups. Many successful examples can be found in the Chinese past dynasties. However, since the founding of New China, the government has been exercising uniform policies in handling ethnic issues, which underscores the situation of the nation but overlooks the situation of each ethnic group or tribe. These policies have been in practice for more than half a century; now it is time to check their effects. This paper reviews how Chinese ethnic groups used to be classified in the literature of the history of the nation’s ethnic groups and discusses the differences across these ethnic groups. Based on the variables of population size, intergroup marriage,culture, relationship with the central government and independent nation/state establishment outside the border,the paper presents a rudimental classification of the 55 ethnic groups in China, with each group’s characteristics summarized and analyzed,in hope that reflection upon the ethnic theories and related policies in China will be stimulated. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Observation of Village Miao： The SurveyorNative Exchange in the Village Research——the Influence of the Fieldwork of Anthropology on the Minority Community Tan Hua Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (1): 24-24.   Abstract （2673）      PDF（pc） （722KB）（593）       Knowledge map    Save Fieldwork is the uppermost research approach applied by the anthropologists. Even a researcher adopts the emic approach when observing another culture in the filed， the fieldwork is， as a matter of fact， a kind of contact and involves an interaction between the researcher’s culture and informants’ culture. The way that the researcher embarks on fieldwork obviously carries its sociocultural influence. Therefore， the researcher’s behavior will certainly affect the research object and bring about changes in the other culture in some way. With a village of Miao minority in southwestern Hubei as a case， this paper reviews the influence of the fieldwork of anthropology on the minority community via an analysis of the interaction between the investigators and the villagers， which may shed some light on our reflections upon the fieldwork in Chinese anthropology Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Retracing the Method from the Conclusion： Sociological Reflection on the Reality——A Discussion of China's Social Stratification by American Sociologists Zhang Le;Zhang Yi Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (1): 42-42.   Abstract （2890）      PDF（pc） （680KB）（598）       Knowledge map    Save Taking social stratification research for an example， this paper illustrates the following points： (1) Accounting for the reality is the fundamental premise for sociological research to be scientific； (2) The research conclusion reflects the reality， the validity of which is determined by the research method； and (3) The research paradigm guides the choice and application of the research method. The paradigm， the method， and the conclusion all will be congruent to each other on the basis of the reality. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Morality in Compensation and Its Accomplishment He Jian;Qin Qiwen;Zhou Yongkang;Zhang Yan Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (1): 62-62.   Abstract （3065）      PDF（pc） （699KB）（779）       Knowledge map    Save This paper is an attempt to analyze the social mechanism of compensation. Firstly， applying the legal methods to the analysis of the story of Joel Feinberg’s Hikers has met difficulty. Secondly， Parfit’s， Jeske’s， and Montagues’s views on whether compensation holds morality are reviewed around the story’s dilemma when utilitarianism is involved. Such analysis gradually reveals the morality in compensation， which is followed by the final discussion on compensation accomplishment. In essence， it is a discussion of the feasibility of compensation accomplishment from a social theoretical perspective， that is， the social systems theory leading to the Societal Common. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Studying Urban Movement： Clarification of Theoretical Traditions and the Insertion of the Chinese Experience Wei Wei Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (1): 77-77.   Abstract （2485）      PDF（pc） （773KB）（613）       Knowledge map    Save Urban movement (or urban social movement) has a different theoretical tradition from that of the mainstream social movement studies in the western academia. While urban movement has recently stimulated considerable interest among Chinese scholars， it is yet to be incorporated into a systematic theoretical paradigm. This paper starts with its critical examination of Chinese scholars’ adoption of the term of “urban movement” and then reviews the evolution of western urban movement theories， highlighting the difference between urban movement studies and mainstream social movement studies in terms of their theoretical perspectives and research approaches. The paper argues that the urban movement in the west with its tradition of emphasizing scholars’ involvement and intervention at the community level can enlighten the empirical research in current China. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Social Reward and Activists in Chinese Urban Communities： A Case Study of the Building Leaders (louzuzhang) in Community S， Shanghai Li Hui Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (1): 97-97.   Abstract （2465）      PDF（pc） （806KB）（740）       Knowledge map    Save This study tries to answer these questions： Why do activists emerge during the Chinese urban community elections? What are the structural characteristics of this social group? What is their action logic in their community? Through participation observation， semistructured interviews， and content analysis， the study came to the following conclusions： The activists in the urban communities， with the building leaders (louzuzhang) being the core， pursue for social reward； and how much of the social reward can be obtained determines how active they get involved in the community activities. The network of the activists who are in pursuit of social reward has become an important mechanism in the governance of current Chinese urban communities. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Migration： The Driving Force for Modernizing the Consuming Concepts of Rural Families——An Empirical Study Based on the Survey of Five Provinces in Eastern and Middle China Liu Cheng;Huang Chunqiao Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (1): 118-118.   Abstract （2770）      PDF（pc） （1016KB）（685）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the 2005 survey data from five provinces in the eastern and middle China， this paper analyses the impact of peasants’ migrating experiences for urban jobs on the consuming concepts of rural families. The results showed the compelling power of such migrating experiences in modernizing the peasants’ consuming concepts but also varying effect sizes due to different migrating experiences. Furthermore， urban migration as a single variable had only a limited influence on such changes. In other words， a full turn depends upon many other factors. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Procreation Desire of Peasant Workers of Different Generations and Its Influencing Factors： A Survey of the Floating Peasant Workers in the City of Xiamen Zhuang Yuxia Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (1): 138-138.   Abstract （2804）      PDF（pc） （877KB）（698）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the data of two surveys of the floating peasantworker population in the city of Xiamen， Fujian Province， this paper describes the procreation desire of peasant workers of different generations. The results indicate that the three generations of the old， the transitional， and the new share similar opinions about the best ages for reproduction but differ significantly on the following issues： number of desired children， quality of children， preferred sex of their children， and motives for having children. The regression analysis reveals a complex set of factors that have influenced the procreation desire of the peasant workers of the old and transitional generations， which cluster around educational and reproductive experience variables. As to the peasant workers of the new generation， only the educational variable has been affecting their views on the aforementioned issues. Furthermore， career choice also has an impact on the emotional aspect of the reproductive motive. The role that the married peasant workers’ reproductive experience has played in their reproductive motive will serve as a lesson for the new generation in their reproductive behaviors. Favorable conditions to promote positive reproductive motives and behaviors among the peasant workers of the new generation can be created through education and career enhancement. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The OldAge Social Welfare Model of Hong Kong Liu Zuyun;Tian Beihai Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (1): 164-164.   Abstract （2816）      PDF（pc） （769KB）（859）       Knowledge map    Save The oldage social welfare system of Hong Kong is composed of oldage social relief， insurance for the old age， and oldage welfare service. This system has a set of characteristics including multiple benefit providers， both general and relief benefits for the beneficiaries， coexistence of high welfare expenditure and low social welfare index， highquality welfare service， and effective integration of its welfare resources. However， the system also has some latent problems such as potential monosource for its finance and bureaucratization of the nongovernment， welfareservice organizations. Nevertheless， this Hong Kong Model can be an example for inland China. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Conference Summary Executive Summary of the International Conference on Chinese Society and China Studies Qian Licheng;Meng Qingyan Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (1): 191-191.   Abstract （2678）      PDF（pc） （538KB）（579）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Conference Summary A Theoretical Discussion and Empirical Studies of Peasant Workers’ Problems from the Perspective of Harmonious Society Lu Junxiu Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (1): 202-202.   Abstract （2591）      PDF（pc） （468KB）（583）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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How to Conduct Sociological Research of Organization in China?——　Summary of 2007 Sociology of Organization Workshop Ren Min Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (1): 212-212.   Abstract （2539）      PDF（pc） （544KB）（797）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Scope, Identity, and Social Attitudes of the Middle Class in China Li Peilin;Zhang Yi Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (2): 1-1.   Abstract （3643）      PDF（pc） （609KB）（1603）       Knowledge map    Save This paper analyses the scope and roles of the middle class in its developing stage and those with mediumlevel incomes in current China on the three dimensions of income， occupation， and education. The analysis has led to a classification of the middle class into three strata: “core middle class，” “semicore middle class，” and “peripheral middle class.” The paper further compares the “objective middle class” with the “subjective middle class” （i.e.， identity of the middle class） in terms of their differences in social attitudes and the factors that are influencing their economy， politics， and social attitudes. This analysis is entirely based on the data from a nationalwide survey  the Chinese General Social Survey （CGSS2006） conducted from March to May in 2006 by the Institute of Sociology， Chinese Academy of Social Sciences， which involved 7，100 households sampled from 28 provinces， municipalities and autonomous regions. It is found that the middle class currently constitutes 12.1 percent of the population in all China and 25.4 percent in urban China. However， this socalled middle class or the objective middle class within the definition by its incomes， occupations， and education is not yet a coherent class with unified social attitudes and behavioral intentions. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Conflict and Reconciliation: Intergenerational Relationships in the Context of Globalization Zhou Xiaohong Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (2): 20-20.   Abstract （3102）      PDF（pc） （780KB）（879）       Knowledge map    Save Generation is both a biological fact and a social fact. That generation or intergenerational relationship as a social fact has become a problem was due to the emergence of industrialized society or modernizationor, put it in another way, the generation problem is the problem of modernity. Moreover, that the generation problem got spread all over the world in the twentieth century was also due to industrialized modern society or the capitalist system spreading globe wide. Hence, it is the result of globalization. Through a discussion of the emergence of the generation problem and its acceleration during the modern times, this paper claims that the formation of generational gaps or the reconciliation of intergenerational identities itself is a product of modernity or globalization. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Corporation: An Imagination on “Total Social Organization”: On Durkheim's Thoughts of Social Solidarity Xiao Ying Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (2): 39-39.   Abstract （2796）      PDF（pc） （1261KB）（1024）       Knowledge map    Save Many social construction theories grounded on Enlightenment Reason consider specialization of social functions and differentiation of social fields as the drive behind social progress. But Enlightenment Reason doesn't concern the relations among different social fields or functions in the condition of social specialization nor does it deal with their integration. Illuminated by Marcel Mauss's ideal about “total social fact，” the author tries to construct a concept of “total social organization” to study Durkheim's imagination on corporation. The author contends that the aim of conceptualizing corporation for Durkheim is to harmonize the manmade conflicts between the state and the individual； between socialism and individualism； between the functions of politics， economy， and morality. Corporation is a mediating， total social organization. Though this imagination of Durkheim's can be criticized as being simplistic or Utopian， it can nevertheless inspire us to penetrate and overcome the deficiencies of social life in the context of extensive social specialization. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Symbolic and Dualistic Structure in Social Transition: An Analysis of the MicroPower Structure in the Peasant Migrant Group Wang Jianmin Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (2): 77-77.   Abstract （2833）      PDF（pc） （1060KB）（805）       Knowledge map    Save We need to take a microscopic and symbolic angle in order to understand the transition in the social structure in China. With an increase in the mobility between country and city，the many symbolic marks carried by the peasant migrant group have pushed the countrycity demarcation into the city boundary，thus forming a direct，noticeable countrycity dualistic structure. This kind of social structure is not only physical and overt but also cultural and covert，which can be summarized with the concept of “symbolic and dualistic structure”. This concept can be considered as a social symbolic system to signify the identities of different groups and the dualistic or polarized tendency in its operation. It manifests the duality and inequality in the identity，status，reputation，etc. between different groups. During the course of social change before and after the Reform，the political function of distinguishing classes as expressed in this symbolic dualistic structure has gradually entered everyday life and has thus become a micropower mechanism for shaping different social groups’ identity，status，and reputation. The logic of the “problem country” and the “dream city” embedded in this mechanism has function a means and strategy for the nation to construct an image of modernity so as to close the gap between “objective modernity” and “expressive modernity”. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Lefebvre's Sociological City Space Theory and Its Significance in China Wu Ning Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (2): 112-112.   Abstract （3350）      PDF（pc） （572KB）（1714）       Knowledge map    Save Henri Lefebvre differentiated clearly urbanization from industrialization. He posed the Right to the City and urban revolution， claiming that urbanization was the essence of globalization. He considered cities as a texture background of the global space and city space as a product of capitalism. Lefebvre's sociological city space theory inherited and developed Marxist theories and methodology. It was creative and filled in the blank space in the area of sociological space theory. It has tremendous explanatory and descriptive power in helping with the understanding of contemporary Chinese society. Lefebvre's sociological city space theory is abstract and has utopia properties. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Social Transformation and Social Stratification in Russia Zhuang Xiaohui;Hou Junsheng Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (2): 128-128.   Abstract （3702）      PDF（pc） （719KB）（619）       Knowledge map    Save Russia started to experience social transformation in the 1980s and in the next decade， new social stratification had obviously taken place there. This paper describes and analyses the gaps in social earnings as a result of the social stratification in Russia （gaps among individuals， government departments， industries， different regions in Russia）， as well as the “socially marginal group” and the “new poor class.” The “socially marginal group” refers to those who cannot ascertain their own social status or their class membership. The “new poor class” is the social class mainly composed of professors， engineers and doctors who used to live a comfortable life and enjoy a high social status in former USSR but are now experiencing hardships and have become poor. A new middle class of enterprisers has come into being in the course of the sociopolitical and economic transformation as the former social middle class represented by the intellect has dissolved， which has brought about a huge change in Russia's social class structure. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Resettlement Forms, Interpersonal Communication, and Migrants' Adaptation:A Comparative Study on the 343 Rural Migrant Households from the Three Gorges that Resettled in the Provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Feng Xiaotian Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (2): 152-152.   Abstract （2629）      PDF（pc） （512KB）（662）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the survey data from 343 rural households migrating from the Three Gorges to the provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang， this paper analyses the two resettlement forms （relatively concentrated and completely scattered） and their impact on the formation of two interpersonal communication states as well as on the migrants' social adaptation. The analysis shows that the interpersonal communication states in the migrants' settlement significantly influence the migrants' social adaptation， be it communicating with other migrants or with the local residents. Both improve the migrants' entrance or acceptance into the local community. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of the Factors Influencing Undergraduates' Occupation Choices: Based on the Investigation of Both Social Capital and Human Capital Li Liming;Zhang Shunguo Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (2): 162-162.   Abstract （3057）      PDF（pc） （712KB）（1799）       Knowledge map    Save 162Abstract： With the 2006 survey data on the occupationoriented behaviors of the undergraduate students from the three universities sampled in Western China， the present study analyzed the effects of the students' family background and academic achievements on their occupation choices. Both social capital and human capital were found to be significant factors influencing the students' occupation decisions. The more abundant social capital and human capital a student possesses， the higher he/she aims at his/her occupationto be more specific， the choice was more likely to be for a unit with rich resources in a region with developed economy and higher incomes， and his/her expectation of salaries tended to be higher. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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A Comparative Study on Urban Community Education in China and Japan: Shanghai's Jing'an Temple Community School & Osaka's Oobiraki Citizen Lifelong Learning Centre as the Cases Qin Na Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (2): 181-181.   Abstract （2506）      PDF（pc） （1025KB）（599）       Knowledge map    Save Along with China's reformation and social transformation while opening its door to the world, modern community education has been on a rapid rise in Shanghai, which has attracted the attention of the academia. This paper reports a case study comparing two urban community schools in nonWestern, postmodern societies, i.e., China's Jing'an Temple Community School in Shanghai, and Japan's Oobiraki Citizen Lifelong Learning Centre in Osaka. Based on the interviews with the learners, instructors, and administrators of the two urban community schools， and with onsite observations, comparisons were made in the areas of their organizational operation, characteristics of their instructional/learning activities, and the resulting social effects. This paper describes the roles of community education in individuals' lifelong socialization and communities' development. It summarizes the ideas and mature practice of social education in Osaka. Finally, it proposes the comparative method to study community education. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Conference Summary Dong Jingwei Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (2): 210-210.   Abstract （2712）      PDF（pc） （479KB）（738）       Knowledge map    Save Conference Summary Summary of the International Conference on Regional Community and Cultural Type Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 1-1.   Abstract （2041）            Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Modernity and the Chinese Experience Li Peilin Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 2-6.   Abstract （1989）      PDF（pc） （422KB）（629）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Formation of Interestbased Relationships and Social Structural Changes Sun Liping Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 7-14.   Abstract （2126）      PDF（pc） （383KB）（789）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Another 30 Years? Social Construction in the Perspective of Sociology of Transformation Shen Yuan Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 15-23.   Abstract （2058）      PDF（pc） （515KB）（919）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Changes in Social Stratification： from Determinism to Exchange Li Lulu Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 24-30.   Abstract （2293）      PDF（pc） （360KB）（892）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Chinese Unit System in ChangeSome Retrospective Thoughts Li Hanlin Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 31-40.   Abstract （2064）      PDF（pc） （491KB）（1045）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Property Protection and Social Recognition：A Discussion of Further Improvement of the Property Structure Liu Shiding Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 41-45.   Abstract （2041）      PDF（pc） （407KB）（559）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Ideological Changes during the Differentiation of Interestbased Relationships Liu Shaojie Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 46-53.   Abstract （2032）      PDF（pc） （387KB）（677）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of Mechanisms on how State Policies Influence the Structure of Social Stratification Li Qiang Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 54-64.   Abstract （2186）      PDF（pc） （450KB）（856）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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On “Improving People’s Livelihood” and its Connections with the Changes of Context and Significance of “Putting People First” Li Youmei Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 65-72.   Abstract （2108）      PDF（pc） （429KB）（674）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Changes in the Social Network Capitals during Societal Transformation Zhang Wenhong Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 73-80.   Abstract （2046）      PDF（pc） （409KB）（1026）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Otis Dudley Duncan’s Legacy： the Demographic Approach to Quantitative Reasoning in Social Science Xie Yu Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 81-105.   Abstract （2932）      PDF（pc） （1142KB）（1033）       Knowledge map    Save Otis Dudley Duncan， who died in November 2004， had enormous impact on the practice of quantitative reasoning in sociology and demography today. This paper traces the influence of Duncan as a quantitative sociologist within the context of the history of science. I locate Duncan’s philosophy of social science within the tradition of “population thinking” that was begun by Charles Darwin and introduced to social science by Francis Galton. As part of this exploration， I distinguish two approaches to statistical analysis （emanating from the two main philosophical views of science）： Gaussian or typological thinking， and Galtonian or population thinking. I examine in detail Duncan’s views of quantitative reasoning in the social sciences， particularly his opinions on social measurement， path analysis， structural modeling， econometrics， and the Rasch model. An important theme of the paper is that Duncan quickly realized the difficulties and limitations of quantitative methodology in social science. In particular， he was bothered by inherent population heterogeneity that makes it futile to draw “lawlike” inferences from statistical analyses in social science. Thus， Duncan was disdainful of the search for supposedly universal laws of society that would mimic those of the physical sciences， because he believed that such laws did not exist and would be meaningless. Instead， to Duncan， the main use of statistical tools is to summarize systematic patterns of population variability. The paper draws heavily on Duncan’s previously unpublished personal communications. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Positivism， Hermeneutism and Discourse： Studying Modernization as an Example Xie Lizhong Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 106-140.   Abstract （2565）      PDF（pc） （831KB）（603）       Knowledge map    Save The analytic approach in positivism to modernization reduces this concept to a given “objective reality” that is independent of the subjective consciousness of the individual members in society. The approach in Hermeneutism （or phenomenology） views modernization as a “subjective reality” construed by the individuals in society out of their subjective consciousness. Different from both， pluralistic discourse analysts regard modernization as a “discourse reality，” an outcome via specific strategies by the members in society under the constraints and guidance of a specific discourse system. Correspondingly， positivistic sociologists always focus on searching for the “objective laws” that govern the course of modernization； hermeneutic sociologists always try to investigate individuals’ behaviors and their subjective consciousness that enables such behaviors； pluralistic discourse analysts advocate examining the discourse strategies and the discourse system （discourse regulations） behind such discourse strategies during the process of modernization and societal changes. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Symbolic Distinction and Power：A Discussion about Bourdieu’s Theory of Symbolic Domination Zhu Weijue Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 141-155.   Abstract （3596）      PDF（pc） （739KB）（1183）       Knowledge map    Save This article gives a detailed analysis of Bourdieu’s theory of cultural domination. As Bourdieu points out， symbolic distinction belongs in an indirect way to the economic differences that it reflects and changes. Within the symbolic system， the lifestyle of the upperclass is always at the dominant position， which is accepted as a legitimized taste standard to extensively exercise symbolic violence towards the lowerclass. Symbolic distinction embodies a stratified relational structure of power. Bourdieu’s theory of cultural （symbolic） domination serves not only as a way to help us understand the important functions of our social structures （various kinds of domination and unequal relationships） in the process of production and reproduction but also as a brand new perspective for us to examine the roles of the invisible power in its various forms that influences and controls consciousness and judgments of behaviors. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Reform by Mobilizing： Rethinking of the Theories and Experiences of China’s Rural Reform Deng Wanchun Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 156-179.   Abstract （2750）      PDF（pc） （825KB）（539）       Knowledge map    Save The new institutional economics is inadequate to expound China’s rural reform from the late 1970s to the early 1980s. Mobilization was clearly the characteristic of the reform； that was a reform by mobilizing. The reform was different from the past organized mobilization manifested as mass movements， and from the quasiorganized mobilization seen in the context of market transition as well. The reform by mobilizing combined material incentives with spirit encouragement， which demonstrated two distinctive properties： the mutual influence of mobilization and institutional construction in the reform process and the state’s inability to fully control the impact of the mobilization. The start of the marketization in the rural areas was an unintentional consequence of the reform by mobilizing. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Paradox of Urban Community Elections： between Political Apathy and High Turnout Rates Xiong Yihan Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 180-204.   Abstract （2987）      PDF（pc） （826KB）（1205）       Knowledge map    Save This paper attempts to answer this question： Why are the turnout rates in urban community （shequ） officer elections surprisingly high even when electorates are generally apathetic to elections? Our examination of the 2006 community elections in Shanghai discovered a relationship between high turnout rates and multiple votes by a single person. First， it is the household that is the voting unit， not the individual. Usually one household has only one member who actually does the voting. Second， unrestricted proxy voting allows the activists to possess many ballots， a situation that has resulted from the orchestrated game by the government， CPC General Branch， Residents’ Committees （RCs or jumin weiyuanhui）， activists， and electorates. Compared with villagers’ selfadministration， urban community elections lack vitality. The cause of this difference lies in the purpose of the election： A Villagers’ Committee Election is based on distributive interests and for the purpose of electing a manager； whereas a Residents’ Committee Election is based on maintenance interests and for the purpose of electing a gatekeeper. The residents’ political apathy is in fact determined by the community’s interest structure， and is further strengthened by the community election system. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Book Review The Emotion Management in Social Transition：Review on “The Second Shift: Working Parents and the Revolution at Home” by A. R. Hochschild Dan Weijun Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 205-215.   Abstract （2512）      PDF（pc） （620KB）（717）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Summery of the Conference on “the Current State and the Future Trend in the field of Chinese Social Theory Research” Lin Xiaoshan Chinese Journal of Sociology    2008, 28 (3): 216-222.   Abstract （2115）      PDF（pc） （459KB）（532）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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