员工社会网络结构特征对关系绩效影响的比较研究——基于中外两个研发事业部员工整体社会网分析

社会杂志

员工社会网络结构特征对关系绩效影响的比较研究——基于中外两个研发事业部员工整体社会网分析

作者：彭建平|中山大学管理学院

作者：彭建平|中山大学管理学院

出版日期:2011-07-20 发布日期:2011-07-20
通讯作者: 作者：彭建平,中山大学管理学院 E-mail:mnspjp@mail.sysu.edu.cn
作者简介:作者：彭建平中山大学管理学院
基金资助:
**本研究获教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目资助(10YJA630124)。

A Comparative Study of the Effects of Employees’ Social Network Structural Characteristics on Their Contextual Performance: A Case Analysis Based on Two Research & Development Divisions of Chinese and Foreign Corporations

Author: Peng Jianping,School of Business, Sun YatSen University)Email:

Author: Peng Jianping,School of Business, Sun YatSen University

Online:2011-07-20 Published:2011-07-20
Contact: Author: Peng Jianping,School of Business, Sun YatSen University E-mail:mnspjp@mail.sysu.edu.cn
About author:Author: Peng Jianping,School of Business, Sun YatSen University
Supported by:
The Project was Supported by Social Sciences Research Fund Projects of Ministry of Education(10YJA630124).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以两个集团公司研发事业部为个案，本文构建了不同情境下员工的社会网络，并对不同网络的关系特征值做了计算。研究发现，员工所处的社会网络位置对员工关系绩效存在显著影响；网络结构特征对国有企业员工和外资企业员工关系绩效的影响不同；中外企业研发员工社会网络的整体结构特征存在一定差异。这一发现为企业通过优化社会网络改善员工关系绩效提供了理论支持，同时丰富了嵌入性理论在中国企业的实践和应用。

关键词: 网络中心性 , 关系绩效 , 社会网络

Abstract:

The sample of this study included two Research & Development divisions of Chinese and foreign corporations. Based on theories and literature review, the employees’ social networks in different contexts were identified and the values of individuals’ relational characteristics in their varying networks were calculated. The employees’ network location was found to have a significant impact on their contextual performance. The network structural characteristics of the employees in the state corporation differed from those of the employees in the foreign corporation and also, in their effects on the employees’ contextual performance. These findings may serve as theoretical support for bettering employees’ contextual performance through improving their social networks and may also enrich the practice and application of the embeddedness theory in Chinese companies.

Key words: network centrality, contextual performance, social network

彭建平. 员工社会网络结构特征对关系绩效影响的比较研究——基于中外两个研发事业部员工整体社会网分析[J]. 社会杂志.

Peng Jianping. A Comparative Study of the Effects of Employees’ Social Network Structural Characteristics on Their Contextual Performance: A Case Analysis Based on Two Research & Development Divisions of Chinese and Foreign Corporations[J]. Chinese Journal of Sociology.

参考文献

参考文献（References）
Ahuja, Galletta M.K. and D.F. Carley. 2003. “Individual Centrality and Performance in Virtual R&D Groups: An Empirical Study.” Management Science (1):21-38.
Avis, J. M., J.D. Kudisch, and V. J. Fortunato. 2002. “ Examining the Incremental Validity and Adverse Impact of Cognitive Ability and Conscientiousness on Job Performance.” Journal of Business and Psychology (171): 87-105.
Borman, W.C.and S.J. Molowidlo. 1993. “Expanding the Criterion Domain to Include Elements of Contextual Performance.” in Personnel Selection in Organizations, edited by N. Schmitt and W.C.Borman. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
Burt, R.S. 1992. Structural Holes: The Social Structure of Competition. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
蔡永红、林崇德. 2003. 学生评价教师绩效的结构验证性因素分析［J］. 心理学报（3）. ［Cai Yonghong and Lin Chongde. 2003. “The Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Student Evaluate the Teacher Performance Model.” Psychology (3). (in Chinese)］
陈艳莹、周娟. 2009. 经济学视角的社会网络研究述评［J］. 经济研究导刊(8). ［Chen Yanying and Zhou Juan. 2009. “The Review of Social Networks in the Economic Perspective.”Economic Research Guide (8). (in Chinese)］
Coleman, V.I. 1998. “Investigation of the Underlying Structure of the Contextual Performance Domain.” The Science and Engineering （58）: 44-99.
Conway, J.M. 1999. “Distinguishing Contextual Performance from Task Performance for Managerial Jobs.” Journal of Applied Psychology （84）: 3-13.
Cross, Rob and J. N. Cummings. 2004. “Tie and Network Correlates of Individual Performance in Knowledge Intensive Work.” Academy of Management Journal (6): 928-937.
Dyer,J.H. and H. Singh. 1998.“The Relational View: Cooperative Strategy and Sources of Interorganizational Competitive Advantage.” Academy of Management Review (4):660-679.
Dyer,J.H. and K.Nobeoka. 2000. “Creating and Managing a High Performance KnowledgeSharing Network: The Toyota Case.” Strategic Management Journal (21):345-367.
Goodman, S.A. 1995. “Linking Contextual Performance to Job Performance and Attitudinal Variables.” The Sciences and Engineering (56): 23-65.
Granovetter， M.S. 1973. “The Strength of Weak Ties.” American Journal of Sociology (78)：1360-1380.
Granovetter， M.S.1985. “Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness. ”American Journal of Sociology (3):481-510.
Gulati，R.,N. Nohria,and A． Zaheer. 2000. “Strategic Networks.” Strategy Management Journal (21):203-215．
林聚任. 2009. 社会网络分析：理论、方法与应用［M］. 北京：北京师范大学出版社. ［Lin Juren. 2009. Social Neworkt Analysis: Theory, Methods and Applications. Beijing:Beijing Normal University Press.］
刘军. 2009. 整体网分析讲义［M］.上海：上海人民出版社.［Liu Jun. 2009. The Whole Network Analysis.Shanghai: Shanghai People's Publishing House.］
刘楼. 2008. 组织内社会网络、中心性与工作绩效［M］.广州：中山大学出版社.［Liu Lou. 2008. The Social Networks, Centrality and Job Performance in the Organization. Guangzhou :Sun YatSen University Press.］
罗家德、郑庆育. 2007. 社会网络对离职意愿之影响［J］.中山管理评论(4). ［Luo Jiade and Zheng Qingyu. 2007. “The Impacts of the Social Network on the Leave Intention.” Sun YatSen Management Review (4). (in Chinese)］
罗家德. 2010. 社会网分析讲义［M］.北京：社会科学文献出版社.［Luo Jiade.2010. Social Network Analysis. Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press(China).］
柯江林、孙健敏、石金涛、顾琴轩. 2007. 企业R&D团队之社会资本与团队效能关系的实证研究［J］. 管理世界(3).［Ke Jianglin, et al. 2007. “The Empirical Study of the Relationship between the Social Capital and Team Effectiveness in the R & D Team of Corporate.” Management World (3). (in Chinese)］
Krackhardt,D. 1992. “The Strength of Strong Ties: The Importance of Philos in Organization.” in Networks and Organizations, edited by Nohria and R.G. Eeeles.Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Marsden, P. V., and N. E. Friedkin. 1994. “Network Studies of Social Influence.” In Advances in Social Network Analysis: Research in the Social and Behavioral Sciences, edited by S. Wasserman and J. Galaskiewicz. CA: Sage.
McEvily,B.and A.Marcus. 2005. “Embedded Ties and the Acquisition of Competitive Capabilities.”Strategic Management Journal (26):1033-1055.
Mohammed, S., J.E.Mathieu, and A.L. Barlett. 2002. “Technical Administrative Task Performance, Leadership Task Performance, and Contextual Performance: Considering the Influence of Team andTask Related Composition Variables.”Journal of Organizational Behavior (7): 795-814.
Organ, D.W. 1997. “Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Organizational Performance: A Review and Suggestions for Future Research.” Human Performance (10): 133-152.
Salomon, L.M. 2000. “The Impact of Personality Variables on Different Facets of Contextual Performance.” The Sciences and Engineering, (61).
Sparrowe,Liden and Kraimer Wayne. 2001. “Social Networks and the Performance of Individuals and Group.”Academy of Management Journal (2):316-325.
Uzzi, B. 1997. “Social Structure and Competition in Interfirm Network: The Paradox of Embeddedness.” Administrative Science Quarterly (1):35-67.
Van Scotter，Motowidlo．1996. “ Interpersonal Facilitation and Job Dedication as Separate Facts of Contextual Performance.” Journal of Applied Psychology (81):525-531.
王端旭、国维潇、刘晓莉.2009. 团队内部社会网络特征影响团队创造力过程的实证研究［J］.软科学（3）.［Wang Duanxu, et al., 2009. “The Empirical Research of How the Social Networks Characteristics in Team Affects the Creativity Process.” Soft Science(3). (in Chinese)］
王卫东．2006. 中国城市居民的社会网络资本与个人资本［J］．社会学研究(3) ［Wang Weidong. 2006. “Social Network Capital and Personal Capital of the Urban Residents in China.” Sociology Studies(3). (in Chinese)］
Wasserman,S.and K.Faust. 1994. Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications. Cambridge University Press.

责任编辑：李聆
实习编辑：肖日葵

[1]	边燕杰, 缪晓雷. 论社会网络虚实转换的双重动力[J]. 社会杂志, 2019, 39(6): 1-22.
[2]	陈型颖, 王衡. 政治信任、社会网络与抗争倾向:基于53个国家和地区的实证比较[J]. 社会杂志, 2018, 38(1): 186-214.
[3]	黄荣贵. 网络场域、文化认同与劳工关注社群:基于话题模型与社群侦测的大数据分析[J]. 社会杂志, 2017, 37(2): 26-50.
[4]	陈华珊. 罚似然图模型与社会网络测量[J]. 社会杂志, 2017, 37(2): 1-25.
[5]	朱依娜, 何光喜. 学术产出的性别差异:一个社会网络分析的视角[J]. 社会杂志, 2016, 36(4): 76-102.
[6]	韩启民. 城镇化背景下的家庭农业与乡土社会——对内蒙赤峰市农业经营形式的案例研究[J]. 社会杂志, 2015, 35(5): 122-141.
[7]	马丹. 社会网络对生活满意度的影响研究——基于京、沪、粤三地的分析[J]. 社会杂志, 2015, 35(3): 168-192.
[8]	肖阳, 范晓光, 雷鸣. 权力作用下中国城市居民的纠纷卷入与应对[J]. 社会杂志, 2014, 34(1): 104-119.
[9]	赵延东，胡乔宪. 社会网络对健康行为的影响[J]. 社会杂志, 2013, 33(5): 144-158.
[10]	刘军 David Willer Pamela Emanuelson. 强制结构理论及实验检验[J]. 社会杂志, 2013, 33(4): 176-192.
[11]	黄冬娅. 人们如何卷入公共参与事件——基于广州市恩宁路改造中公民行动的分析[J]. 社会杂志, 2013, 33(3): 131-158.
[12]	蔡长昆. “共建”：社会网络变迁中的结构和理性 ——基于E市建筑散工网络的研究[J]. 社会杂志, 2012, 32(6): 182-203.
[13]	王文彬赵延东. 自雇过程的社会网络分析[J]. 社会杂志, 2012, 32(3): 78-97.
[14]	孙晓娥,边燕杰 . 留美科学家的国内参与及其社会网络——强弱关系假设的再探讨[J]. 社会杂志, 2011, 31(2): 194-215.
[15]	张顺,郭小弦. 社会网络资源及其收入效应研究：基于分位回归模型分析[J]. 社会杂志, 2011, 31(1): 94-111.