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上海“麦工”意义世界的人类学解读——基于田野体验的视角与洞见

作者1：潘天舒 复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院; 作者2：洪浩瀚 复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院.   

  1. 作者1：潘天舒 复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院; 作者2：洪浩瀚 复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院  
  • 出版日期:2011-09-20 发布日期:2011-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 潘天舒 复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院  E-mail:fudan_anthropology@yahoo.com;
  • 作者简介:作者1：潘天舒 复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院  作者2：洪浩瀚 复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院 
  • 基金资助:

    本研究得到上海市哲学社会科学规划课题项目（2009BSH004）资助.

An Ethnographic Interpretation of “McJobs” in Urban Shanghai:Insights from the Field

Author 1: Pan Tianshu, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University;
Author 2：Hong Haohan, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University.    

  1. Author 1: Pan Tianshu, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University; Author 2：Hong Haohan, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University. 
  • Online:2011-09-20 Published:2011-09-20
  • Contact: Pan Tianshu, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University. E-mail:fudan_anthropology@yahoo.com;
  • About author:Author 1: Pan Tianshu, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University) Email: fudan_anthropology@yahoo.com; Author 2：Hong Haohan, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University. 
  • Supported by:

    This study is funded by the Shanghai Philosophical and Social Sciences Research Grant（2009BSH004).

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摘要：

本文以2008-2010年在上海市静安区和黄浦区的麦当劳门店所进行的田野研究为基础, 通过检视其员工在日常工作环境中所采取的一系列调适性策略,探讨“麦工”(McJobs)在全球化和地方转型特殊语境中的多重含义。本研究初步发现, 上海“麦工”的意义世界不仅仅是实在的文化生态景观和精英话语制造出的符号，而且还受到跨国主义和地方转型这两股结构性力量的主导和型塑；本文在考察和分析普通“麦工”的地域文化认同、价值观念和工作策略的同时，强调社会分层和日趋多元化的城市生活方式对“麦工”体验过程的关键作用。

 

关键词: “麦工” ,   调适策略 ,   全球化 ,   地方转型

Abstract:

Based on an ethnographic field study conducted at four McDonald’s chain restaurants in Shanghai’s Jingan and Huangpu Districts (2008-2010), this paper discusses Mcjob as a meaningladen term in the special discourse contexts during globalization and local transformation by closely examining the employees’ adaptive strategies to cope with and manage their daily work environment. This study has found that McJob in Shanghai is not a sign as a product of elite discourses but a real ecological cultural existence. Focused on the two structural forces that lead and shape the McJob World, namely, transnationalism and local transformation, the paper utilizes sociological imagination to examine and analyze the McJobs’ local cultural identity, value systems, and work strategies. Furthermore, it emphasizes the key roles of social stratification and multiple lifestyles in McJobs’ experiences.

 

Key words: McJobs , adaptive strategies ,   globalization ,   local transformation