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关系网络与地下经济——基于上海一个自行车黑市的研究

强舸 复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院   

  1. 强舸 复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院
  • 出版日期:2013-03-20 发布日期:2013-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 强舸 复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院 E-mail:qiangge@fudan.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:强舸 复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院
  • 基金资助:

    本研究获得了教育部博士研究生学术新人奖的资助。

Networks of Social Relations and Underground Economics: A Study on a Bicycle Black Market in Shanghai

QIANG Ge, School of International Relations and Public Affairs, Fudan University.   

  1. QIANG Ge, School of International Relations and Public Affairs, Fudan University.
  • Online:2013-03-20 Published:2013-03-20
  • Contact: QIANG Ge, School of International Relations and Public Affairs, Fudan University. E-mail:qiangge@fudan.edu.cn
  • About author:QIANG Ge, School of International Relations and Public Affairs, Fudan University.
  • Supported by:

    This study is supported by Scholarship Award for Excellent Doctoral Student granted by Ministry of Education

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摘要： 本文以一个自行车黑市为案例，考察关系网络与地下经济活动相互作用的动态过程。研究表明，自行车黑市活动衍生的关系网络促进了信息传递，提升了信任水平，降低了安全风险，增加了黑市的效益，塑造出互惠的交易模式。随着黑市的运作，关系网络继续演化，当信息和信任积累到一定程度时，黑车贩子间达成了关于货源收购和价格同盟的卡特尔协议，黑市的运作方式再一次被改变。关系网络对潜在违规力量产生威慑，起到维护市场秩序的作用。

关键词: 关系网络 , 地下经济 , 信息 , 信任 , 违规倾向

Abstract: Mark Granovetter emphasized the effect of ongoing systems of social relations in economic actions. This paper analyzes the data from the field work from 2004 to 2008 to study the ongoing interaction between the networks of social relations and the economic actions in a critical case of a bicycle black market. The conclusion is as follows: each individual black bicycle dealer is in a predicament with a limited inventory to satisfy potential customers’ varying demands. However, if all dealers in the black market are considered, the entire inventory is then sufficient. Thus, the key of the black market is how to pass the information of diversified demands on to the right dealer. And networks of social relations can accomplish this. The networks in the current case are not based on kinship or geographical ties; they originate from the economic actions in the black market. An initial network starts to form through dealers getting to know people or la guanxi and then get fortified through showing loyalty or righteousness (jiang yiqi) in the ongoing trading. Such social networks have promoted information transmission, raised the entrusting level, created a transaction model for reciprocal benefits, reduced risks, and produced better profits of the black market activities. Furthermore, as economic actions continue, the social networks continue to change. Gradually, when the information and trust develop to a certain level, a Cartel is reached among the bicycle black dealers regarding bicycle providers and consensus prices, which in turn changes the operation in the black market and an even higher profit is attained. That underground economic actions are through intermediary activities and that information transmission is swift prevent the networks from turning into a mafia. Such networks can also serve as a force to foil potential malfeasance to protect the market order.

Key words: networks of social relations , underground economic , bicycle black market ,  , information , trust , potential malfeasance