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经历乳腺癌：从“疾病”到“残缺”的女性身体

作者1：黄盈盈 中国人民大学社会与人口学院社会学系；作者2：鲍雨 中国人民大学社会与人口学院社会学系   

  1. 作者1：黄盈盈 中国人民大学社会与人口学院社会学系；作者2：鲍雨 中国人民大学社会与人口学院社会学系
  • 出版日期:2013-03-20 发布日期:2013-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 黄盈盈 中国人民大学社会与人口学院社会学系； E-mail:yyingsu@yahoo.com.cn
  • 作者简介:作者1：黄盈盈 中国人民大学社会与人口学院社会学系； 作者2：鲍雨 中国人民大学社会与人口学院社会学系
  • 基金资助:

    本文受到中国人民大学科学研究基金（中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助）(10XNJ059)的资助。

Experiencing Breast Cancer: Women’s Body from Being “Diseased” to “Deformed”

Author 1：HUANG Yingying, Department of Sociology, School of Sociology and Population Studies Centre, Renmin University of China； Author 2：BAO Yu, Department of Sociology, School of Sociology and Population Studies Centre, Renmin University of China   

  1. Author 1：HUANG Yingying, Department of Sociology, School of Sociology and Population Studies Centre, Renmin University of China； Author 2：BAO Yu, Department of Sociology, School of Sociology and Population Studies Centre, Renmin University of China
  • Online:2013-03-20 Published:2013-03-20
  • Contact: HUANG Yingying, Department of Sociology, School of Sociology and Population Studies Centre, Renmin University of China； E-mail:yyingsu@yahoo.com.cn
  • About author:Author 1：HUANG Yingying, Department of Sociology, School of Sociology and Population Studies Centre, Renmin University of China； Author 2：BAO Yu, Department of Sociology, School of Sociology and Population Studies Centre, Renmin University of China
  • Supported by:

    The research was supported by the Research Funds of Renmin University of China （the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities） (10XNJ059).

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摘要： 在身体社会学的理论背景下，本文关注女性乳腺癌问题。基于对14位有乳腺癌经历女性的深度访谈后发现，经历乳腺癌女性的身体与其说是一种患病的身体，不如说是一种被视为残缺（了乳房）的、不符合社会规范的性别态身体。“残缺”表现在身体机能与感受（疼痛感与行动受阻）、身体形象（掉发与切乳）、个体认同（患者身份、女性身份及正常的社会人身份）和人际关系（尤其是亲密关系）。本文展现了女性在经历乳腺癌的过程中（尤其是被切除了乳房之后）如何面对、管理被医学与社会标定为“残缺”的身体，如何努力恢复身体和“正常”的亲密关系；表达了身体从医疗空间走向社会空间时，“残缺”感与正常化过程中的阶段性特点，以及身体在日常生活中的多重性与政治性。

关键词: 身体 , 乳腺癌 , 正常 , 残缺 , 女性

Abstract: This paper focuses on women’s bodily experience of breast cancer in the context of sociology of the body. Based on the indepth interviews of 14 Chinese women with breast cancer, we constructed a ‘deformed body’’ analytical framework to be distinguished from a widely used “diseasebased” one. For most of the women, breast cancer means mastectomy or removing an important part of the body that signifies the female gender. This type of bodily deformity challenges the normal female body. Therefore, breast cancer not only causes bodily pains but pertains to the definition of the normality and perfectness of a female body, and even that of the normality of being a female in the mainstream culture regarding the body. A “deformed body” framework has four aspects: bodily functioning and experience (pains and mobility constraints), bodily appearance (hair and breast losses), personal identity (the patient identity, the female identity, and the normal social identity), and interpersonal relationships (especially the intimate relationships). The narratives from this conceptual framework display how the females, while experiencing the breast cancer (especially after the mastectomy), face and manage their “deformed” bodies as defined by the medicine and society, and how to restore the “normality” of their bodies and intimate relationships. The body moves from the medical space to the social space. The four aspects of the sense of deformity, as well as the journey toward normality, show specific stage/phaselinked characteristics in the process of diagnosis, chemotherapy, and rehabilitations that are nevertheless intricately connected, reflecting the multidimensional and political nature of the body in everyday life.

Key words: breast cancer ,  , body , normality ,  , deformity,  , female gender