社会杂志 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 131-154.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

国家还是市场:城镇化进程中流动人口的市场转型偏好

曾迪洋   

  1. 南京大学社会学院社会学系
  • 出版日期:2016-09-20 发布日期:2016-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 曾迪洋 E-mail:diyang303@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    本研究获得教育部人文社科青年基金项目（15YJC840044）和中国博士后科学基金项目（2015M571722）的资助。

State or Market: Preference to Market Transition Among Migrant Workers Under Urbanization

ZENG Diyang   

  1. Department of Sociology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University
  • Online:2016-09-20 Published:2016-09-20
  • Supported by:

    The research was supported by the Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Project (15YJC840044) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015M571722).

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摘要：

以往关于中国市场转型的研究通常关注转型的过程及其后果，却较少注意人们的主观意愿。在城镇化背景下，流动人口对市场转型的态度是其选择和行动的基础，这将会影响城镇化与市场化的发展。本文通过分析2012年“城镇化与劳动力移民”调查数据发现，与本地居民相比，流动人口表现出更强烈的市场转型偏好，且这种偏好倾向随世代推移呈现增强趋势。研究还发现，“城城”流动人口比城乡流动人口更支持市场转型，流动人口内部存在显著分化。本文认为，结构性因素与认知性因素是市场转型偏好分化的重要原因。城镇内部的二元隔离是流动人口无法充分获得市场化红利的根本原因，唯有改变这一状况，才能消解流动人口与本地居民在态度上的隔膜。

关键词: 国家, 市场, 转型偏好, 城镇化, 流动人口

Abstract:

Research on China's market economy transition has more or less focused on its processes and outcomes, often neglecting people's subjective attitudes towards the change. Nevertheless, such attitudes constitute the basis upon which migrants make their choices and decisions in response to the ongoing urbanization process, and vice versa, their actions also affect the path and the future of Chinese marketization and urbanization. This study reaches several conclusions based on an analysis of the 2012 Tsinghua University Urban Survey. In comparison between local residents and migrants, there is a strong support among migrants towards the real estate property marketization as well as the overall market transition. Such marketization preferences become even stronger with the younger migrant cohorts, influenced by the generational differences in life experience. There is also a difference between city-to-city and rural-to-city migrants in their attitudes towards the market transition with the former much more in favor of than the later. These findings suggest that both structural and cognitive factors help constitute people's different attitudes towards the market transition. Concrete benefits and subjective perception together decide individual's preference over the dichotomy between state and market. The Chinese market transition is being proceeded under its political system and many market rules cannot be operated independently from political elements. Therefore, under the current large-scale urbanization, institutional advantage remains the key to access benefits. The gap between migrants and local residents is triggered, not by the market as it might be seen on the surface, but essentially by the state protection of the existing institutions. To change it, we need to abandon the household registration segregation.

Key words: migrant, urbanization, state, market transition preferences, market