中国网民的政治价值观与网络抗争行为的限度

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国的市场化转型带来了政治价值观的变化，进而重塑着个体的政治参与行为，其中包括网络抗争行为。由于种种限制，互联网并不必然带来网络抗争，个人的政治价值观是重要的影响因素。基于全国性的概率抽样调查数据，本文首先构造了个人的政治价值观倾向得分，然后用广义倾向值匹配估算了政治价值观对批评政府官员或政策和讨论集体行动这两种网络抗争行为的响应函数和干预效应。结果显示，越趋向自由民主价值观，个人拥有这两种网络抗争经历的概率越高，且呈现强化趋势。但是，这种作用具有阈值效应，即自由民主价值观达到较高水平后，更高的自由民主价值观带来的网络抗争行为的发生概率反而更低。因此，除了来自政府和体制的外在限制，网络抗争还存在着内生于行动者本身的限制。本文通过实证研究证实了政治价值观对网络抗争行为产生的内在限制。

关键词: 自由民主价值观, 威权价值观, 广义倾向值匹配, 网络抗争

Abstract:

China's market transition has brought changes on people's political values as well as individual behaviors in political participation. Internet itself does not necessarily lead to political participation due to many constraints,which contains people's political values. Taking the data from a nationwide random sample,this study examines the relationship between Netizens'political values and their participation in online protests. Their basic political orientation is identified in two groups of "authoritarian" and "liberal democratic". Two areas of online protests——criticism of government officials or policies and discussion of political collective actions are looked into to compare these two groups. Generalized propensity score matching is applied to predict the dose-response function and average treatment effect of the two types of political values on online protests. We find that the liberal oriented Netizens generally have much more online protest engagements than their counterpart. However,interestingly,when one's liberal-democratic value score reaches to a certain high level,such a correlation disappears. Instead,there is a significant decrease in protest engagements among high scorers. Our tentative explanation for this threshold effect is that,similar to the "diminishing marginal utility" phenomenon in economics,political values'motivational function possibly lessens overtime. High scores can also be an indication of changes in other conventional elements in political participation such as decrease of political efficacy. Therefore,in addition to the government control and agenda-setting,personal political values influence people's political participation and constitue an internal constraint on online protests.

Key words: online protest, generalized propensity score matching, authoritarian values, liberal-democratic values

季程远, 王衡, 顾昕. 中国网民的政治价值观与网络抗争行为的限度[J]. 社会杂志, 2016, 36(5): 64-87.

JI Chengyuan, WANG Heng, GU Xin. Political Values of Chinese Netizens and Limitation of Online Protests[J]. Chinese Journal of Sociology, 2016, 36(5): 64-87.

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