摘要: 母职惩罚是家庭与性别不平等研究领域的重要议题。本文利用1989—2015年的“中国健康与营养调查”(CHNS)数据,采用多层混合效应模型,研究了母职惩罚的强度及影响母职惩罚的各类机制的时间变化趋势。研究发现:生育对女性工资率具有负向影响且强度不断增大,母职惩罚问题不断加剧;单亲母亲的母职惩罚低于在婚母亲,但前者的母职惩罚效应迅速增加,二者的差异逐渐缩小;母职惩罚的长期效应低于短期效应,但长期效应随时间的变化在迅速加剧;教育程度越高的女性母职惩罚越小,但母职惩罚增长速度越快,不同教育程度的女性在母职惩罚上的差异逐渐缩小;母职惩罚效应在非国有部门就业的女性中快速加大,而在国有部门就业的女性中变化不大。
申超. 扩大的不平等:母职惩罚的演变(1989—2015)[J]. 社会杂志, 2020, 40(6): 186-218.
SHEN Chao. Widening Inequality: The Evolution of Motherhood Penalty in China(1989-2015)[J]. Chinese Journal of Sociology, 2020, 40(6): 186-218.
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