社会杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 71-91.

• 专题二：家庭政治：政策与策略 • 上一篇    下一篇

价值暧昧抑或目标分异：当下中国的家庭政策及其供给机制分析

陈映芳   

  1. 上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院
  • 发布日期:2020-11-19
  • 作者简介:陈映芳,E-mail:chenfy@sjtu.edu.cn

Ambiguous Values or Different Goals: An Analysis of Current China's Family Policy and Its Supply Mechanism

CHEN Ying fang   

  • Published:2020-11-19

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摘要： 本文力图对中国家庭政策中存在的价值混乱现象、政策供给中主体间的立场分异等问题进行分析。通过对“家庭”内部关系的区分，对法规不同属性的确认，以及对广义的家庭政策的供给机制的分析，说明20世纪80年代以来的家庭政策存在对纵向代际家庭和横向婚姻关系的双重原则。另外，在国家强化家庭责任，将家庭设置为重要的福利供给主体的制度背景下，地方政府以私法为法律框架，在市民社会权供给中多采取“家—户”治理的策略。因此，家庭政策不仅具有家庭化的功能，同时也具有“去家庭化”的实际效能。

关键词: 家庭政策, 家庭化—去家庭化, 价值原则, 政策供给机制, “家—户”治理

Abstract: The value swing behind China's family policy and the unclear goals of the policy itself have always been critical issues in China's family policy research. In recent years, public opinion has disputed policies on divorce threshold, family property division and inheritance, clearly indicating many disagreements between legislators and various social subjects on the perception of legislative objectives and the judgment of policy outcomes. How can we better understand the value ambiguities behind the marriage and family law in China, the significant differences in position between the state and the people, and the various dislocations between policy goals and functions?
"Family policy" in this study is defined in a broad sense. The logic behind the family policy phenomenon is explained accordingly through an analysis of the institutional text and the policy supply mechanism. By distinguishing the parent-child intergenerational relationship from the marriage relationship within the "family", the paper demonstrates that China's family policy since the 1980s has dual principles for the vertical intergenerational family and the horizontal marriage relationship. The relevant laws have an institutional consistency in strengthening family responsibilities and setting the family as an important welfare provider.
In addition, through the identification of the different attributes of laws and regulations, and the analysis of the supply mechanism of the family policy in a broad sense, the study suggests that local governments, responsible for family welfare, tend to adopt private laws as the system framework and use "family-household" strategies to improve family welfare provider capacities. Such strategies help reenforcing the individual's dependence on the family, especially the intergenerational family, but at the same time may also bringing about certain policy outcomes that restrict family life and family development.

Key words: family policy, familization, principle, policy supply mechanism, family-household governance