社会杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 1-23.

• 专题一:文化自觉与知识自主——纪念费孝通先生 •    下一篇

费孝通社会学理论创新及其现代化价值

宋林飞()   

  • 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2026-01-20
  • 作者简介:宋林飞  常州大学苏南现代化研究院, E-mail: Song_linfei@sina.com

Theoretical Innovation in Fei Xiaotong's Sociology and Its Modernization Value

Linfei SONG()   

  • Online:2025-11-20 Published:2026-01-20
  • About author:SONG linfei, Institute for Studies on Modernization of Southern Jiangsu, Changzhou University, E-mail: Song_linfei@sina.com

摘要:

费孝通倡导和实践从调查出发、以本土主位视角研究中国社会的治学方法。改革开放以来,他从江苏吴江乡村社区追踪调查转向吴江小城镇调查、沿海地区调查和边区调查,“到农村里、城镇里去观察,去思考”,“行行重行行”。他先后提出了“工业下乡”“志在富民”“苏南模式”“小城镇大问题”“城乡协调发展”“文化自觉”“美美与共”等原创性概念与观点,旨在“科学地研究中国社会”“改造社会”“为人民服务”“为人类服务”,内含工业化、城镇化、富民、文化自觉四种现代化价值,为推进中国社会学自主话语体系的构建与中国式现代化理论创新作出重要贡献。

关键词: 工业下乡, 小城镇, 城乡协调, 富民, 文化自觉, 美美与共

Abstract:

Fei Xiaotong advocated and practiced a scholarly approach grounded in fieldwork and an emic perspective to study Chinese society. Since the reform and opening-up, his research evolved from longitudinal studies of rural communities in Wujiang, Jiangsu, to investigations of Wujiang's small towns, coastal regions, and border areas. He consistently engaged in "fieldwork and more fieldwork", urging scholars to "go to the villages and towns to observe and reflect". He introduced original concepts and viewpoints such as "rural industrialization", "aiming to enrich the people", the "Southern Jiangsu Model", "small towns, a major issue", "coordinated urban-rural development", "cultural consciousness", and "appreciating the beauty in others". His work, aimed at "scientifically studying Chinese society", "transforming society", "serving the people", and "serving humanity" embodies the modern values of industrialization, urbanization, prosperity for the people, and cultural self-awareness. Consequently, he has advanced the construction of an autonomous discourse system in Chinese sociology and made significant contributions to expanding the theoretical innovation of Chinese modernization.Learning from and carrying on Fei Xiaotong's academic innovation and its modern value must begin with investigative research and refining concepts that capture social phenomena from the practice of China's modernization, thereby enriching and developing the autonomous discourse system of Chinese modernization. It is essential to provide timely and scientific answers to the new questions of our era and combine the inheritance of traditional Chinese culture with the innovation of Chinese modernization theory by addressing practical problems and promoting practical development, and ultimately "writing academic papers on the soil of our homeland". In the face of external risks and challenges, it is crucial to broaden our global perspective, harness Chinese wisdom, and chart a course for global cooperative governance pathways with a proactive historical spirit, and build a beautiful world of "harmony without uniformity".

Key words: rural industrialization, small towns, coordinated urban-rural development, enriching the people, cultural consciousness, appreciating the beauty in others