2011 Vol.31

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Environmental Protection， Group Pressure or Interests Relatedness? Zhou Zhijia Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (1): 1-34.   Abstract （3129）      PDF（pc） （1474KB）（1031）       Knowledge map    Save Drawing upon the data collected between February and March 2008 in Xiamen City， this paper analyzes the motivations of Xiamen citizens who participated in the PX environmental protection movement． It reveals that participation can be categorized into three types： informationrelated， appealrelated and resistancerelated． That social motivation is the most salient factor affecting all types of participation． In addition， the general environmentalprotection motivation has an impact on the informationrelated participation， the selfinterest motivation and the environmentalprotectionofXiamen motivation will enhance the appealrelated participation， and the selfinterest motivation will effect the resistancerelated participation． The PX environmental movement has appeared a characteristic of mass mobilization； citizen participation into the PX movement has merely revealed a rudimentary civility， and the functional absence of NGOs is an important element leading to this situation． Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Constructing a Model for Measuring Environmental Concern: Based on the 2003 CGSS Dataset Lu Chuntian | Hong Dayong Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (1): 35-52.   Abstract （2911）      PDF（pc） （1918KB）（855）       Knowledge map    Save The debate on the dimensionality of environmental concern is still going on. Inferring from the definition of the concept of environmental concern, this study did a CFA analysis of the empirical data collected in the 2003 Chinese General Social Survey to verify the  measurement of environmental concern. The finding supported the first order measurement model with four latent factors, which fit the data and the conceptual definition better than the second order measurement model. The study further examined the relationships of social, demographic, and economic variables with those four latent factors. The correlational strengths and directions indicate that the construct of  environmental concern is not a consistent attitudinal system, which suggests the structural complexity of this construct. This complexity is  in turn reflected in its social, demographic, and economic characteristics. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Cited: Baidu(13)

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Prevention and Alleviation: An Exploration of the Role of Social Capital in Marital Violence Zhao Yandong,He Guangxi,Zhu Yina Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (1): 53-73.   Abstract （2952）      PDF（pc） （1241KB）（1142）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the data from a largescale survey, this paper explores the role and influence of women’s social capital in marital violence. In this study, three facets of the construct of “social capital”network size, network structure, and network resourcewere measured. The preventive effects of network size and network structure, and no preventive effect of network resource on marital violence were observed. Women’s network structure showed no effect on the severity of marital violence; however, both network size and network resource had some alleviating effects to suppress marital violence from escalating, but there were significant differences between the urban and rural groups. Theoretical implications of these findings are also discussed in the paper. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Cited: Baidu(3)

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Rational Transformation of New Urban Immigrants’ Social Capital Lei Kaichun Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (1): 74-93.   Abstract （2681）      PDF（pc） （1094KB）（767）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the data from the 2007 survey of 600 new urban immigrants in Shanghai, a comparative analysis of the general social capital and the local social capital revealed that the latter was more beneficial to the new immigrants’ social inclusion than the former. However, the impact of the local social capital differed in its magnitude and direction, which indicated that new urban immigrants’ social capital being localized was a result of their rational selection. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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A Study on Social Network Resources and Their Effects on Income: Based on the Quantile Regression Model Zhang Shun,Guo Xiaoxian Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (1): 94-111.   Abstract （2933）      PDF（pc） （1443KB）（788）       Knowledge map    Save Whether or not social capital has an impact on income is a cuttingedge topic in social networking studies. The results of this study show that favourite resources have a larger impact than informational resources. The combined effects of affiliative and informational resources on income confirm favourite relationships between social network resources and income. In different institutional environments and competitive conditions, the effects of social network resources on incomes vary significantly. The empirical data support three related hypotheses. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Internal State Mechanism in Collective Bargaining:Evidence from the Collective Bargaining by Wenling Sweater Industry Wen Xiaoyi Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (1): 112-130.   Abstract （3157）      PDF（pc） （1156KB）（1598）       Knowledge map    Save  Collective bargaining, a great social invention as a means to resolve labor conflicts in Western society, has not only won the support of workers and their trade unions but also aroused employers’ interest. Through a consultative process, commitment to the agreedupon contract and the development of common interests, an internal state mechanism is created to settle the resentment collectively shared among the workers. In China, trade unions cannot be an effective initiator of collective bargaining due to the Constraints of state corporatism; intensified labor conflicts, on the other hand, are most likely to make the employers be the real “igniter of the engine.” This paper takes a qualitative approach to analyze the collective bargaining by Wenling Sweater Industry to understand the dynamics between the employers and workers in the collective bargaining process in the context of competition and struggle, and the evolvement of the internal “compliancetotheorder” state mechanism on the survival ethics from “disorderly fights”. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Cited: Baidu(11)

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Formulating of the Scale for  Characteristics of Urban Communities Xiang Jun Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (1): 131-158.   Abstract （2833）      PDF（pc） （1372KB）（686）       Knowledge map    Save Among contemporary community studies, the issue of whether or not communities exist has always been a focal point for dispute. The author believes the focal point of the issue is not “whether or not they exist”, but “in what way do they exist”. Based on relevant research, the author has formulated a scale to measure “community identity” and has carried out validity and reliability tests for it using data from a survey on Shanghai communities. Then the scale is used to classify Shanghai communities into six types, all of which have their own characteristics. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Socioeconomic Status, Age and Mental Health: An Empirical Study in Shanghai Yuan Hao Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (1): 159-182.   Abstract （3285）      PDF（pc） （1411KB）（1088）       Knowledge map    Save From the perspective of social structure and based on the data from the “Chinese Family Panel Studies in 2008—Shanghai,” this study analyzes the distributions of mental health among different social classes and the distributional changes across different age groups. Mental health is found to be positively correlated with education, income, occupation, and social position but negatively with financial difficulties and unfair treatments. The relationship between age and mental health displays an inverted Ushaped (“∩”) developmental trend. In addition, varied changes are observed in the relationships of occupation type and education with mental health across different age groups. Further studies are needed to explain the better mental state of those who have been laid off but the poorer mental state of young technical workers. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Cited: Baidu(8)

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#br# A Study on the Influencing Factors of Peasant Workers’Subjective Recognition of Their Economic Contributions Chen Xufeng,Tian Zhifeng,Qian Minhui Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (1): 183-199.   Abstract （3237）      PDF（pc） （1114KB）（910）       Knowledge map    Save With the reform getting more indepth, peasant workers are making greater contributions to the economy of their immigration regions. Their subjective recognition of their economic contributions shows differences due to various influences. Five factors of migration/immigration places, human capital, economic returns, social acceptance, and social identity are built in a logistic regression model to analyze their influences on the peasant workers’ subjective recognition of their economic contributions to the regions where they have come to work. Except for the first factor, all the other four factors significantly affect the workers’ subjective recognition of their economic contribution. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Political Economy of Skill： Based on Marxism Theory of Labor Process Wang Xing Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (1): 200-222.   Abstract （2887）      PDF（pc） （1184KB）（1132）       Knowledge map    Save The human can change the material into productions by labor． In Marxism theory of labor process， labor politics is the intermediate variable which can link the product regime with skill formation． But the Marxism theory of labor process only focuses on the role of skill which is as a tool of class conflict． The interaction between labor politics and skill formation is very complex． The labor politics can shape the trajectory of skill formation． This is an important perspective to understand the comparative advantage of the different capitalism state． Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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On the Acquaintance Community： An IdealType Exploration of the Mechanism in the Village Order Chen Baifeng Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (1): 223-241.   Abstract （2678）      PDF（pc） （1148KB）（913）       Knowledge map    Save The foundation of an acquaintance community is renqing （emotional bond）， which has four levels of meaning： feelings， relationships， norms， and mechanisms． With renqing playing its role， any acquaintance community is itself a microlevel power network that has been integrated into an intimate community with less strife internally and with solidarity externally． The etiquette process has renqing instilled in the core of etiquette． In an acquaintance community， people act around renqing relationships； renqing norms define behavioral norms． Such renqingbased behavioral regulations are the “native logic．” Therefore， the “native logic” can be used to analyze the change in the current village order． Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Informal Economy in the Era of Information Revolution and Globalization: The Shanzhai 〖CellPhone Industry in China Bai Gao Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (2): 1-41.   Abstract （3816）      PDF（pc） （1502KB）（806）       Knowledge map    Save The shanzhai (山寨) cellphone phenomenon reveals the profound economic transformations of our time. First, information revolution has made production tools more accessible and has resulted in much wider participation in production. Supported by the deepened division of labor through the servicization of production, shanzhai cellphone companies are able to expand the Wintel production regime sustained by value chain into a hypothetical enterprise with a multidivisional structure. Second, globalization has linked many scattered longtail markets together. This has enabled the longtail products, which were hardly profitable in the era of mass production, to accomplish the economy of scale. Third, the Chinese innovation of the spatial overlap between an industrial cluster and specialized markets has provided an intrinsic mechanism of industrial expansion: the competition pressures resulted from the spatial concentration of small producers in the industrial cluster force them to differentiate their products which in turn promotes the economy of scope, while the big flows of merchants coming to the specialized markets sustained by the economy of scope help create the economy of scale for the highly individualized longtail products. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Tournament System and the Growth of Provincial Development Zones in China: Evidence from Provinces   Li Guowu and Hou Jiawei Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (2): 42-72.   Abstract （3324）      PDF（pc） （1943KB）（653）       Knowledge map    Save Establishing Development Zones is an important means by which local governments in China partake in promoting the growth of local economy. In the context of “competing for growth,” there was a sharp increase in the number of Provincial Development Zones (PDZs) from 1984 to 2006 although there were obvious regional differences and temporal fluctuations. Drawing on the provincial data, this study examined how three factors, namely, budget constraints, interprovincial competitions, and national institutional changes, had influenced the growth of PDZs using the “tournament system” theory. It was found that, although the level of the regional economic development did serve as an important budget constraint to the establishment of PDZs, it was the national institutional changes that had greater influences because establishing a PDZ was not a natural process constrained by its own provincial resources. To be more specific, the national institutional changes caused temporal fluctuations in the growth of PDZs (within the province) on the one hand and regional differences in the numbers of PDZs (between provinces) on the other hand. In spite of the general increases in the numbers of PDZs in all provinces, our measurements of the yearly increments of provincial PDZs did not show any significant sign of interprovincial competitions. It requires more empirical studies to test the applicability of the tournament system theory. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Action Logic of ValueOriented Collective Action: A Case Analysis of the SS Incident Zhang Jinghong Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (2): 73-96.   Abstract （3076）      PDF（pc） （1435KB）（779）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the field work of the SS Incident, this paper examines at the micro level the behavioral interaction among the participants and the progression of the action logic; analyzes the alternating effects of the interest/valuerelated factors; and explains when, why, and how the bystanders stepped in and out of the collective action – in response to the observations of the scholars at home and abroad. The conclusions reported in the paper are: The transition of the stakeholders’ action goal from selfinterest seeking to moral value endorsement opened up an opportunity for the bystanders to participate; it was the values that served as the essential drive for summoning the bystanders into the collective action; consideration of selfinterest played a significant role in the decision making by the losers when facing the dilemma between taking direct losses to themselves or endorsing social values, at which point the bystanders would soon choose to quit and the collective action was to end; currently, the “valueinterest regressive effect” is an important suppressive mechanism in the valueoriented collective action triggered by an accidental event; and the valueoriented collective action in a transitive China does not fit the collective action theory in the Western world.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Labor Quarters: Corporative Social Responsibility or Economic Rationality：A Survey of the Enterprises at the Pearl River Delta   Wei Wanqing Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (2): 97-110.   Abstract （2959）      PDF（pc） （1320KB）（689）       Knowledge map    Save  Different from the approach of using the sole perspective of political rights to study labor quarters, this paper, based on the survey of the enterprises at the Pearl River Delta, follows the logic of the global capital economy. An examination of the logic behind the capitaloriented labor quarters leads to a conclusion that, in the face of the intense global competition, it is a competitive strategy that the enterprises provide their workers with living quarters so as to control the workers’ production; therefore, it is an outcome of enterprise economic rationality. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Gender Gap in Job Authority and Its Shaping Factors: The Supervisory Authority’s Perspective Li Zhonglu Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (2): 111-124.   Abstract （2763）      PDF（pc） （1660KB）（720）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the analysis of the survey data from the Chinese Family Panel Studies in 2009(CFPS2009), this paper describes the current gender gap in job authority and examines its shaping factors. The gender gap in the nonstate sectors is found to be wider than that within the state sectors. With humancapital factors being equal, the gender gap among those with job authority has been widened instead of narrowed. Family responsibility is a significant barrier for women to possessing job authority. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Pursuing Change or Maintaining the Status Quo? Measurement of the Sociopolitical Attitudes of the Middle Class   Li Chunling Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (2): 125-154.   Abstract （3344）      PDF（pc） （1471KB）（1058）       Knowledge map    Save This paper is to examine the sociopolitical attitudes of the middle class in China and thereby predict the sociopolitical role of the middle class. The key issue is whether the emerging middle class in China is a stabilizer for or a threat to the existing social system. Using a national survey dataset of 2006, the author developed a set of attitude scales to differentiate the major attitudinal features of the political conservatives from those of the political liberals in the analysis of the attitudinal trend of the middle class. The study found diversity in the values of the middle class, showing a mixture of conservatism and liberalism. China’s middle class is certainly a stabilizing force at present but there are uncertain factors that may affect its future role.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Residential Preferences of Migrant Workers: An Analysis of the Empirical Survey Data from Seven Provinces/Districts Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (2): 153-169.   Abstract （3374）      PDF（pc） （1331KB）（750）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the data from a survey of seven provinces/districts and the field investigation of a residential community in Beijing that is densely inhabited by rural migrant workers, this paper analyzes the migrant workers’ residential preferences and the influencing factors. Migrant workers’ residential preferences demonstrate their desire to settle in cities but at the same time some rather strong signs of psychological ambivalence and ambiguity. Relative to the human capital factor, the factors of family and social support have a larger impact on migrant workers’ residential preferences. This finding confirms the core hypothesis in the paper. The workers’ residential decision is mainly under the influences of three factors: market-related factors, cultural and psychological factors, and institutional factors. Market factors apparently have the most powerful influence and the impact of the institutional factors has been weakened although they are still the foundation of those market factors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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“How High the Mountain, How High the Water”： Right to the Water and Right to the Forest in the Water Project in Village Zetang   Zhang Peiguo, Wang Yang Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (2): 170-193.   Abstract （2641）      PDF（pc） （1362KB）（876）       Knowledge map    Save This paper takes event series as the entry point, follows the epistemological principle of “holistic survival ethics” with a historical enthnographic approach, places the “right to the forest” and the “right to the water” in the narratives that reflect the local people’s survival wisdom and morality, examines comprehensively the historical practice of the two types of rights from the “others” perspective, and reveals the folk law order behind the right to the forest and the right to the water. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Transnational Participation and Social Networking： The Interaction between Strong and Weak Ties of Chinese American Scientists Sun Xiao’e, Bian Yanjie Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (2): 194-215.   Abstract （3781）      PDF（pc） （1353KB）（1146）       Knowledge map    Save There are two models regarding the role of social network in the jobsearch process: the hypothesis of weak ties versus the hypothesis of strong ties. In examining the transnational participation of 30 Chinese American scientists, our indepth interview study has found out that it is the team work of strong and weak ties that matches the knowledge and skills of Chinese American scientists with the need and demand of Chinese institutes, and thus successfully promotes the transnational collaboration between the two parties. Strong ties provide connection, rapport, and support for keeping promises/quality while weak ties supply resources and institutional support in transnational participation for the Chinese American scientists. The important finding in the current study that the mutual complementary relationship of the strong and weak ties in the jobsearch networks contributes to the theoretical hypotheses of strong and weak ties, enriches the research tradition in the field of jobsearch networks, and may provide guidance for the transnational participation of talented scholars.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Concreteness and Abstractness in Social Life: A Brief Comment on the “ProcessEvent Analysis” Li Huadou Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (2): 216-240.   Abstract （3350）      PDF（pc） （1370KB）（1275）       Knowledge map    Save Enthromethodology bases studying the strategicness and locality of action on recognizing the indexity in action, especially its abstract indexity. Thus, enthromethodology demonstrates its continuity from Parsons’ sociology. However, in later development, enthromethodology has gradually given up abstract indexity and gotten entrapped into individualism emphasizing the agency of the action taker in an isolated way. Complete social ontology should consider the two elements of abstract indexity and the agency in social action, and should also recognize abstract indexity as its basis. From this perspective, we can see the same drawback in the influential “processevent analysis” adopted by the academia in Mainland China, namely, its isolated way of studying action that has ignored the abstractness in sociality, thus substantially reducing its strategic explanatory power. This paper proposes that, through theoretical reviews and at the methodology level, sociological analysis of social abstractness can be categorized into four strategies, which can be further differentiated into demonstration strategies and explanatory strategies. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The New Generation of Migrant Workers: Social Attitudes and Behavioral Choices Li Peilin | Tian Feng Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (3): 1-23.   Abstract （4749）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save The new generation of migrant workers who were born after 1980 has numbered approximately 100 million. This generation is the primary group that has helped breaking down the dual urbanrural structure and speeding up urbanization in the social transformation in China. Compared with the previous generation of migrant workers, this new generation has changed tremendously in values and behavioral rules.  Based on the data from the “Chinese General Social Survey” by the Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS：CGSS 2008), this paper analyses and compares new migrant workers’ incomes, education, working skills, consumption characteristics, and social status and identity, with a focus on the impact of two important factors of “intergeneration” (new generation) and “class” (migrant workers) on the new migrant workers’ conditions, behaviors, and social attitudes, as well as the interrelationships between income, life pressure, and social attitudes. The results indicate that the change in life pressure and the enhanced awareness of individual rights have extremely important influences on the social attitudes and behavioral choices of the new generation of migrant workers. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Cited: Baidu(54)

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Confrontation by Rightness (Li): Strategies in Urban Collective Actions：The RightsDefending Movement of the Homeowners in Southern Garden, Guangzhou Zhu Jiangang Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (3): 24-41.   Abstract （3255）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Since the1990s, homeowners’ rightsdefending actions in the rapid process of urbanization have attracted our attention. This paper provides narratives and analyses of a collective protest concerning issues around community management fees and homeowners’ committee in a suburb community of Guangzhou. It argues that in the rightsdefending movement by the middle class, with the middleaged and senior residents being its main body, its action strategies are not just out of the lawbased confrontation, but more so influenced by the multicultural logic of rightnessbased confrontation including actors’ legal confrontation out of benefit rationality, everyday life moral balance as recognized and sought after based on the concept of “home,” and the discourse/value system in people’s struggles associated with the political culture in past socialist campaign mobilizations. This sort of rightnessbased confrontation in the urban community governance shares some similarity with, but at the same time, differs somewhat from the lawbased confrontation seen in the Chinese rural grassroots society. It propels the transformation of the governance structure in the Chinese urban society. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Maintenance/Control Type of Political Power: Characteristics of Township Governments in the Web of Multiple Structures Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (3): 42-67.   Abstract （2618）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Since the “central task” of the township governments manifests their functions and roles, the centraltask perspective may reveal some of their concrete characteristics. However, this perspective can only let us see the various facets of the characteristics of township governments but not their essential features that are hidden in the web of multiple structures, that is, being at the intersection of the state and society, which is at the bottom rung of the bureaucrat hierarchy, under the topdown institutional pressure but having to face a bottomup rural society. This unique position in the web of multiple structures has shaped township governments’ essential feature of a “maintenance/control political power.” In order to remold this feature, the construction of the state power must be directed to the operational structure of township governments.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Cited: Baidu(11)

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Ai Yun Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (3): 68-87.   Abstract （3288）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Beyond StateConferred Rights? A Case Study on Homeowners’ Confrontation in Guangzhou〖JP〗 Zhuang Wenjia Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (3): 88-113.   Abstract （3937）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save After years of setbacks in defending their house property rights, the homeowners in Guangzhou have begun to see another facet for collective demandunfair rules as the target. On the one hand, their trust in the rulemaking authority has redirected their confrontational demand from taking a reactive action in execution and participation to an active action in rule making. On the other hand, organized confrontation has promoted the mutual trust and solidarity among the owners across residential districts, having transformed the microlevel social capital of those whose interest are not directly related toward macrolevel social capital of the organization.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Capital Resources to the Countryside and the Flow within the Forestry：The Field Experience of Town S in Hubei Province Guo Liang Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (3): 114-137.   Abstract （2780）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save With further reform of the ownership of forests, profitaimed capital resources are being invested in opening up forestry on a large scale, which meets the business needs of the local governments. All of this started the initial momentum of the flow within the forestry. In the process, both informal and formal resources in the rural society have been fully utilized, thus stimulating the efficiency of the flow. On the surface, the flow is based on the voluntary principle, but indepth empirical studies have discovered that the flow momentum has been launched on the basis of farmers being mobilized and pushed, thus resulting in a conflict between rightness in operations and inequality in actuality. Due to the shaping power of the local society’s power connections over the powerprofit structure, the lone force to establish property ownership will not be capable of protecting farmers’ actual interests. In a sense, farmers’ increase in their land revenues depends not only on the new category of rights but also on the coordination between the new contract of property rights and the political environment that embeds it. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Enlistment: Social Stratification and Individual Mobility of  Choice in the Institutional Transition Wang Jianhua Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (3): 138-154.   Abstract （3350）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save The state’s institutional transition has not only brought about changes in the social stratification mechanism but also stimulated individuals to actively make choices for mobility. Therefore, the model of status attainment should not consider the stratification mechanism only and ignore the impact from the individual mobility of choice at the micro level. The analysis of the enlistment data from the CGSS2006 survey reported in this paper has supported this view. The reward of enlistment as a manifest of political loyalty has greatly decreased during the postreform era. The modes to attain soldier statuses in different periods embodied the combined effects of the changing social stratification mechanisms and the individual mobility of choice after examining the reward of the military service. When the military service could bring in a higher reward, the distribution of this resource showed a higher level of inequality across different strata. Lastly, in the status attainment during the military service, because of the effects of the power being shielded, the individually selected mobility changed the direction in status attainment to the opposite, i.e., it was the rural youth and the children of the manual workers that had a higher probability to become Communist Party members. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Perceptions of Distributive Justice of the Residents in Contemporary China’s Large Cities: An Empirical Study Based on the Survey in Shanghai. Wang Fuqin Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (3): 155-183.   Abstract （2597）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Based on the selfinterest theory and attribution theory, this study analyzed the data from the “Survey of Social Class and Social Awareness of Shanghai Residents” conducted by the Department of Sociology at Shanghai University in downtown areas of Shanghai between August 2006 and January 2007 to examine the perceptions of distributive justice of the residents in contemporary China’s large cities and the mechanisms for the formation of such perceptions. The study discovered that the residents in large cities clearly perceived the income distribution across major social groups as unfair. Whether or not a social class possessed a dominant status did not correlate with people’s perceptions of distributive justice but people’s socioeconomic status and their attribution for social inequality did. Those with an advantageous economic status not only directly affected people’s perceptions of distributive justice but such an effect could also be indirect through people’s preferred mode of attribution of social inequality. Furthermore, the effect of attribution mode was larger than that of socioeconomic status: The more likely a person was to attribute social inequality to individual performance (internal causes), the more likely that person tended to have a strong sense of distributive justice. On the other hand, the more likely a person was to attribute social inequality to power or policies (external causes), the more likely that person tended to have a strong sense of distributive injustice. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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An Empirical Analysis of Carbon Emission in the Household Comsumption Peak Period in China. Chen Jiaying | Peng Xizhe Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (3): 184-199.   Abstract （2638）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save This paper takes the factor of household consumption peak period into consideration and analyzes the impact of the structural changes in household consumption on carbon emissions in China. Based on the studies using the family life cycle theory in the consumption field, this paper assumes that household members aged 40-54 years consume the most. Having the STIRPAT model modified in terms of environmental pressure, this paper applies the “household carbon emission model” to the analysis of the impact of the differences in household consumption in different stages of the family cycle on carbon emissions. Furthermore, the paper uses the method of scenario analysis to predict the possible impact of future changes in the household consumption peak period on carbon emissions.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Social Capital and Status Attainment: Simple and Complex Causal Mechanisms and Associations   Lü Tao Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (3): 200-223.   Abstract （3040）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save The classic theory emphasizes that the statusrelated return of mobilized social capitals is independent of that of personal capitals, which is a theoretical construction based on simple causality. From the perspective of complex causality, this paper emphasizes that, because of the constraints of the entire society on the socially needed efficiency of the social positions, the processes by which social capitals produce returns would be restricted by the level of personal human capital, which is a complex causal mechanism. So, the positive association between social capital jointed with human capital and status attainment should be the focus of examination in order to observe the complex causation between social capital and status attainment.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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“IntersubjectivityIntervent Action” Frame：Reflection Spectrum in Qualitative Research   Zheng Qingjie Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (3): 224-241.   Abstract （2623）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Qualitative research has three dilemmas: intersubjectivity, political representation, and participatory action. The former two are epistemological dilemmas, whereas the last is dilemmas in Emancipatory Politics and action. The journey of scholars’ reflections upon these three dilemmas has gone through, step by step, their breadth, depth, and intensity. A series of reflections, including those first on the object and now on the research itself and then on the cognitive research and now on the action research, have converged to form the “intersubjectivityintervent action” reflection spectrum in qualitative research. This paper provides a systematic, theoretical review in this regard. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Between Heaven and Earth: Dual Accountability of Chinese Bureaucrats in East Han Dynasty Yu Xie,Miranda Brown Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (4): 1-28.   Abstract （3700）      PDF（pc） （1447KB）（765）       Knowledge map    Save From Qin Dynasty up to Qing Dynasty, officials appointed by the central government in imperial China were not only beholden to their superiors but also acted as brokers for local interests. We characterize such a structural position as having “dual accountability.” Although the accountability to superiors is readily understandable within the Weberian framework of bureaucratic hierarchy, the reasons behind the local accountability needs an explanation. This paper attempts to explain how officials worked for their regional interests by analyzing the dual accountability in East Han Dynasty (25-220 AD). By investigating the larger contexts of the government structure, political ideology, and personnel system at the time, we have offered three explanations in the paperpractical necessity, “Confucian” ideology, and reputational mechanism, which have received some supportive empirical evidence from multiple sources, including the administrative records and inscriptions on ancient stelae. In addition, we question Weber’s analysis of the Chinese imperial governing system and present new ideas about the social rationality underlying an “inefficient” system that was in place for two millennia. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Civility Construction in the Diverse Identification of Community Power Min Xueqin Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (4): 29-48.   Abstract （2861）      PDF（pc） （1522KB）（304）       Knowledge map    Save To observe and analyze the civility construction focused on community is necessitated by the 30year developmental history of the urban community power executed through singlecentered residential committees in transition to the current coexisting multiple organizations. Community dwellers express civility through selecting community administrators, protecting community rights, and resolving community problems. Based on the random samples from Beijing, Shenzhen, Nanjing, Shenyang, and Xining, the relationships between urban residents’ diverse identification with various organizations in the community and their civility construction were examined using multipleregression and structure equation model analyses. Diverse identification with community power was found to be influential to civility construction as compared with economic, social, and individual factors, showing that future community development will become an indispensible factor to more clearly affect civility construction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Cited: Baidu(8)

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A Comparative Study of the Effects of Employees’ Social Network Structural Characteristics on Their Contextual Performance: A Case Analysis Based on Two Research & Development Divisions of Chinese and Foreign Corporations Peng Jianping Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (4): 49-64.   Abstract （2870）      PDF（pc） （2122KB）（759）       Knowledge map    Save The sample of this study included two Research & Development divisions of Chinese and foreign corporations. Based on theories and literature review, the employees’ social networks in different contexts were identified and the values of individuals’ relational characteristics in their varying networks were calculated. The employees’ network location was found to have a significant impact on their contextual performance. The network structural characteristics of the employees in the state corporation differed from those of the employees in the foreign corporation and also, in their effects on the employees’ contextual performance. These findings may serve as theoretical support for bettering employees’ contextual performance through improving their social networks and may also enrich the practice and application of the embeddedness theory in Chinese companies. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Narratives and Strategies in the Course of Action Lui Ping Keung Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (4): 65-95.   Abstract （2509）      PDF（pc） （2195KB）（482）       Knowledge map    Save This article attempts to lay down a comprehensive perspective of theoretical sociology composed of three parts: fundamental ontology, subjectivistic structuralism and agentialistic characterization. Three tasks are carried out. First, to theoretically connect the social structure and symbolic universe in structuralism to the narratives and strategies in agentialistic characterization in order to improve their aptness in positivistic research. Second, to test the applicability of the two concepts of narratives and strategies in classical Chinese stories in order to improve their aptness in case analysis. Finally, to make a conceptual distinction between subjectivity and agency in order for the actors to transform from being subjective to being agentic through awareness of some kind of ontological metamorphosis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Cited: Baidu(3)

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A Theoretical Framework of Guanxi Dynamics Tsang, Kwok Kuen Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (4): 96-115.   Abstract （3635）      PDF（pc） （1322KB）（679）       Knowledge map    Save Owing to its derelational, substantialist tendency, the multiperspective theory of guanxi does not effectively explain the dynamic process of guanxi which involves continuous and endless interactions between relational contexts and actors. As a result, this theory does not help us grasp or understand guanxi and its related phenomena comprehensively. The author contends that, in order to analyze guanxi and its related phenomena, it is necessary to incorporate views from relational sociology and structural theories. Accordingly, this paper has proposed a theoretical framework of guanxi dynamics. It also emphasizes the feasibility to holistically apply research methods while studying this topic. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Cited: Baidu(6)

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Intergeneration Mobility and OutGroup Prejudice and Discrimination: Empirical Analyses of the Data from the 2005 China General Social Survey Qin Guangqiang Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (4): 116-136.   Abstract （3278）      PDF（pc） （1451KB）（583）       Knowledge map    Save With the focus placed on the “consequences and impacts of social mobility,” this paper analyzes the data from the 2005 China General Social Survey using Sobel’s diagonal reference model as an instrument to examine the links between intergenerational mobility across classes and urban residents’ prejudice. The study shows that social mobility itself may affect attitudes independent of one’s origin class or destination class. In contrast to the origin class, the individual’s destination class has a greater effect on his/her attitudes as his/her age increases. Moving into a class with a culture that encourages less prejudice or discrimination can significantly decrease one’s prejudice, whereas upward or downward mobility can increase one’s prejudice against immigrants. The paper also proposes that stratification and mobility research should not only study the objective aspects of the social structure and its openness but also the subjective aspects of the effects of stratification and mobility on individuals’ behaviors and attitudes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Regional Social Transformation and Research on Urban Residents’ Social Capital Guo Yuntao Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (4): 137-157.   Abstract （2838）      PDF（pc） （1294KB）（544）       Knowledge map    Save Using the data from the CGSS2006 survey, this paper analyzes the impact of urban social transformation on the residents’ obtainment of social capital and the mobilization process. It is founded that, during the process of obtaining social capital, urban social transformation does not influence the residents’ social capital statuses but their positions in the social capital network. The average effects of the social capital “network position” factor among the supercity dwellers are much smaller than such effects among the smallcity dwellers. As a city expands, the negative impact of its marketization on the obtainment of social capital status through education diminishes. In the process of social capital mobilization, the extent of marketization is positively correlated with the economic returns from the effects of the social capital status factor but is independent of the economic returns from the effects of social capital network positions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Educational Returns to Urban FullTime Young Workers: An Analysis of Sex and OnlyChild Status Wang Xiaotao Chinese Journal of Sociology    2011, 31 (4): 158-174.   Abstract （3178）      PDF（pc） （1417KB）（703）       Knowledge map    Save Past studies on gender inequality in incomes focused too much on the market transition but neglected other important variables. The present study questioned if the onlychild status could be another important variable that affected gender inequality in incomes. Analyses of the data from the Study of Chinese Youth in Twelve Cities (2004) found different expressions of gender inequality among only children and children with siblings. Among the former, there was no gender inequality in incomes; whereas among the latter there was a significant difference, with women in disadvantage. This might be closely related to the only children’s families of origin and their educational attainments. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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