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Table of Content

    20 September 2007, Volume 27 Issue 5
    Articles
    Revisiting Max Weber in the Context of China
    Su Guoxun
    2007, 27(5):  1-1 . 
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    Abstract: Since his introduction to China in the 1980s, Max Weber has been one of the most influencing Western sociologists in the Chinese academia for the good match of his complex ideas to the needs of the modernization there. Even so, his ideas are not free of challenges in the Chinese context. In this essay, the author compared Max Weber with Mu Zongsan, a representative of Neo-Confucianism, in their conceptions relative to the Western or Chinese culture, and clarified the complementary relationship between Confucianism and Western theoretical reason. Considering the features native to the Chinese or Western culture, the author criticized Max Weber’s Eurocentrim, which was contrasted to the inclusiveness of the Chinese culture.

    The Developmental Path of Western Sociological Theories of Emotions
    Guo Jingping
    2007, 27(5):  26-26 . 
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    The evolution of the western sociological theories of emotions has three stages: formation, development, and the maturity. Although rationalism was dominant during the initial formation stage, research into emotions advanced step by step and some non-rationalism trends manifested themselves, too. At its development stage, the social crisis theory, the Sexual Revolution, the critical theory, and the conflict theory formed the mainstream with a strong voice. The sociology of emotions at the maturity stage is developing in two directions: building itself into a discipline and establishing links with reality. Its developmental path displays five characteristics or five trends.
    Keywords:
    From Fundamentalism to Terrorism——Religious Politics in the Globalization Context
    Liu Yi;Tao Feiya
    2007, 27(5):  47-47 . 
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    The religious resurgence in the world and its politicization since the 1970s is an expressed form of social movements in the globalization context. As a religious movement, religious fundamentalism and terrorism represent a protest to the main ideology of globalization and an alternative to it, which may be defined as one type of cultural politics or identity politics. As the most prominent fundamentalism and terrorism, political Islam reflects the general characteristics of social and religious movements at the global level on one side, and is the product of American hegemonism and ideology on the other side. Against Huntington’s perspective on conflict and civic life, the author believes that the contemporary religious politics may manifest the clash between different forms of fundamentalism rather than between diverse civilizations.
    The Practice of Transcending Civil-Savage Distinction: A Revisit to Dr. Fei Xiaotong’s Jiangcun Research
    Liu Haoxing
    2007, 27(5):  66-66 . 
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    The village, by the name of Jiangcun, is not only a place where Dr. Fei Xiaotong started his successful journey as a sociologist and anthropologist, but also a base where he continued his studies on the developmental course of Chinese rural communities in the past seventy years. Fei’s Jiangcun research has expressed the “wish for dream” of Malinowski, a master in the Western anthropology. It has also heralded a new epoch for the focal shift in anthropological research from studying savage to civil people. The author holds that, although Fei’s Jiangcun research was brought about by a chain of accidental factors, it was nevertheless a planned research program with clearly defined aims and high aspirations. Fei’s Jiangcun research, or the study of Chinese rural “civil communities,” transcended the “civil-savage distinction” and opened up new domains for anthropological research, for which he had received high regard from many western scholars. It was his time that helped create Peasant Life in China; it was Peasant Life in China that placed Fei at the forefront in the world academy. Fei Xiaotong’s goal was to let people getting wealthy. With a theme of investigating how peasants improved their productivity to free themselves from poverty and become wealthy, his Jiangcun research brought to light the changes in Jiangcun people’s ideology, social relationships, and lifestyles. Fei’s tremendous contributions from his Jiangcun research to theory building and practice are highly valued; so are the foundations that he laid for new scholars to continue this project. His unfinished cause will be undertaken by the successors of the “Jiangcun School.”

    A Discussion on Fei Xiaotong ’s“Xiang-Huan Perspective”

    Lu Yinghao
    2007, 27(5):  89-89 . 
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    According to Fei Xiaotong’s theories and viewpoints,the author advances two conceptions of “xiang-huan perspective”(home-world perspective) and “xie-ye commune”(commune of coordinated affairs) in order to interpret Fei Xiaotong ’s theories and practices regarding the co-development of Chinese urban-rural communities and the world economy. This article explains the origin and evolution of Fei’s “xiang-huan perspective”and analyzes the conceptual constituents of “xiang”(home), “huan”(world), and “xie-ye commune.” This theoretical inspection of Fei ’s historical consciousness (constructional view of history) as reflected in his“xiang-huan perspective” and his explanation of the “xiang-huan” relationships in his later years is an attempt to provide a systematic and academic interpretation of this important thinking of Fei’s. Finally, this article points out that what Fei advocated in fact embodies broader and kinder humanity and compassion, demonstrating the genuine wishes in his “xian-huan perspective” for a “fine society.”

    Core Organizations on Stilts: An Analysis of the Operations of Powerful State-Sponsored Social Organizations ——A Case Study of Social Organization Y in City H
    Fan Minglin;Cheng Jin
    2007, 27(5):  114-114 . 
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    From the theoretical perspective of state corporatism, many of the state-sponsored social organizations in the People’s Republic of China obtain from the powerful government its approval; hence their corresponding authorized monopoly position, by adopting the survival tactics via initiative attachment. This may be a unique Chinese feature, indicating a gradual expansion of social organizations in the country. However, the progression is from integration to differentiation, a sign of the existence of the unique state-society relationship in China.

    Organizational Decision-Making from the View of Bounded Rationality——A Case Study of an Aid-the-Poor Project
    Li Lulu;Song Zhen
    2007, 27(5):  134-134 . 
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    Within the framework of the Bounded Rationality theory, this case study describes an Aid-the-Poor Project in the forestry area undertaken by a Chinese non-industrial unit in cooperation with several other organizations. The four descriptive parts are: setting the Project goals and objectives, selecting the areas to run the Project, assessing the forestry status in communities, and purchasing goods and supplies. Through the overall description and analysis of the entire Project, a discussion was provided regarding the factors and mechanisms that had influenced the organizations’ deviation from the planned goals at several facets.
    A Comparative Study on the Philanthropy by International Corporations and Chinese Enterprises
    Zhao Qiong;Zhang Yingxiang
    2007, 27(5):  144-144 . 
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    Corporate philanthropy is one way for enterprises to support public wellbeing in society by providing monetary and/or material resources, or by participating. It is an important issue for a corporation to voluntarily undertake social responsibilities. Through comparing the philanthropic conducts by international corporations and domestic enterprises, we found significant differences in their philosophies, strategies and mechanisms in decision making related to corporate philanthropy. The philanthropic philosophy of international corporations is to practice “corporate citizenship,” whereas domestic enterprises’ philanthropy is “to pay back to society” or for the sake of “charity.” This paper analyzes the sociocultural reasons behind these differences. Global corporations and domestic enterprises are at different developmental stages; in addition, there are differences in societal development, traditional cultures, and the understanding of the business-society relationships between China and the Western world. All these differences have created different patterns in corporate philanthropy.

    Strategies, Rules, and the Power Structure ——The Announcement of Senior Teachers’ List in a High School
    Wang Lingping;Su Hong
    2007, 27(5):  162-162 . 
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    This paper took a case study of a county-level key secondary school in northern Jiangsu Province and used the rank promotion associated with the announcement of senior teachers’ list as an event for analysis. From the micro-perspective of an organization, the paper described how these teachers applied action strategies developed from the resources currently available to them and constructed a unique organizational power structure based on the actions of all parties involved in the game.

    The Cause of Labor Transfer and A Creative Way Suggested

    Tang Maohua
    2007, 27(5):  182-182 . 
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    This paper proposes a framework to analyze urban living capabilities and argues that, with the reduced costs of labor transfer, the urban living capabilities of the workers in the labor force have been steadily improved. However, the dual pressure of the bottlenecked sustainable wages and high costs for a city life have brought down the workers’ urban living capabilities to a very low level, resulting in a dual mode of labor transfer, a form unique to China but apparently not ideal for the Chinese labor force shifts. The paper thereby suggests a new way of intergenerational mobility as a plausible solution, a form only second to the best. The longterm benefits of the current generations’ dual transfer are in its possibility to provide their children with multiple initiative resources (nonhuman wealth, human and social capitals) for their intergenerational mobility. In addition, the current generations must obtain policy support for successful intergenerational mobility to occur. The urgent task at present is to offer policies to help the children of the peasant workers in cities establish citizenship.