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社会心理测量中降低主观性偏差的方法探索——一项关于组织认同的测量思路与量表设计及其结果

王彦斌

  

  1. 王彦斌 云南大学教授博士生导师
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2007-11-20 发布日期:2007-11-20

A New Method to Reduce Subjective Biases in the Measurement of Social Psychology——Conceptualization and Scale Design in Measuring the Organizational Identity

Wang Yanbin   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2007-11-20 Published:2007-11-20

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摘要：

对作为一种社会心理现象的组织认同的测量思路，从大的视野看，应该既从组织成员对组织与自己关系的内在体验和感受，也从其对这种关系表现出的外显性行为两个方面实施；从具体操作言，还应寻求组织认同中个体的主我认知与他我认知的统一，把二者的测量得分合二为一后，求对同一个问题的整合结果。测量量表的设计与编制应该同时考虑两个方面：一是在设计心理倾向测量的同时必须考虑测量内在心理和外显性行为表现两个层次；二是在测量这种主观意向倾向时应注意从主我与他我的两个方面。实际的测量结果有降低测量的主观性偏差和提高测量的精确度两个特点。

关键词: 测量方法, 他我, 社会心理学, 主我, 主观性偏差

Abstract: From a grand point of view， the conceptualization of measuring the organizational identity as a social psychological phenomenon should include two aspects: organization members’ internal experiences and feelings of their relationships to the organization; and their explicit behaviors acted upon these relationships. To operationalize them， it’s necessary to find out the integration of the individuals’ objective selfcognition and subjective selfcognition in their organizational identity. A composite score of the sum of the two measures should be obtained for an integrated result to answer the same question. Designing a scale matrix should consider two aspects simultaneously: the scales must measure both internal psychological tendency and external behavioral expressions; such subjective tendency scales must measure both the subjective Self and the objective Self. The actual measurement outcome will then be characterized of a reduction in subjective biases and an improvement in its accuracy.

Key words: measurement methods, “Me”, social psychology, “I”, subjective biases