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走向后现代的美国家庭：理论分歧与经验研究

陈璇   

  1. 汉华中农业大学文法学院社会学系
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-07-20 发布日期:2008-07-20

American Family in the Postmodern Era： Theoretical Disputes and Empirical Studies

Chen Xuan   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-07-20 Published:2008-07-20

摘要：

社会的发展与家庭模式的变迁在美国一直是备受关注的领域。本文从理论上追溯了功能主义者对现代家庭理想模式的建构，及其对美国家庭研究的影响，分析了美国上世纪90年代以来有关家庭的研究，从离婚、单亲家庭、非婚同居、同性婚姻等方面探讨后现代背景中美国家庭模式的巨大变迁。经验的事实表明，在美国，现代家庭模式已失去了现实中的主导地位，而且现代婚姻家庭制度的基础也受到了强烈的挑战。女性主义者提出了“后现代家庭”的新概念，学者们也从理论上思考这个时代家庭的走向。美国家庭模式变迁的经验成果与理论探讨为我们研究全球化时代中国婚姻家庭的变迁提供了有益的参考。

关键词: 后现代家庭, 现代家庭, 家庭模式, 家庭变迁

Abstract:

The relation between social developments and family pattern changes has always been a focal area in American sociology. This paper reviews the structuralfunctionalist construction of the ideal type of modern family and its impact on American family studies. It also analyzes the cuttingedge empirical family studies on family pattern changes in the United States during the postmodern era since the 1990s， including divorce， singleparent families， cohabitation， and samesex marriages. Empirical findings indicate that the ideal modern family pattern has lost its dominance in today’s American society， and that the basis of modern marriage and the family institution as well， has been challenged. Feminists have proposed the new concept of “postmodern family”； social scholars have also taken theoretical approaches to address the direction of family changes in this era. The empirical studies and theoretical discussion of the changes in the American family pattern are of great referential value to the study of marriage and family changes in China during this era of globalization.

Key words: modern family, family change, postmodern family, family pattern