社会杂志

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是“关系”，还是社会资本

翟学伟   

  1. 南京大学社会学系
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-01-20 发布日期:2009-01-20

Guanxi or Social Capital

Zhai Xuewei   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-01-20 Published:2009-01-20

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摘要： 社会资本概念引入华人学界以来，其影响力使许多学者把它作为研究和解释中国人关系的路径，但在这种将“社会资本”与“关系”概念合并的趋势中有许多问题被遮蔽了。本文通过对社会资本与关系的各自抽象度、对应性和社会形态等的辨析，指出关系的研究基础是家庭本位的社会，而社会资本的研究基础是公民社会，它们在个体选择性、成员资格、公私利益、参与性和做人等方面都有差异。本文还探讨了关系及社会资本各自可能延伸出的研究方向。

关键词: 关系, 社会资本, 家庭本位, 公民社会

Abstract: Since its introduction to the sociological academia in China， the concept of social capital has such a great impact that many scholars claim it to be a method or a framework for studying and explaining Chinese social networks. However， many issues become covert when the two concepts of social capital and guanxi are merging. By comparing the extent of their abstractness， compatibility， and social types， respectively， this paper argues that guanxi studies are rooted in familyoriented society， whereas socialcapital studies are rooted in civil society. The two differ in individual choice， membership qualification， public or private interests， participation action， and citizenship. This paper also discusses their respective direction for extended research.

Key words: civil society, family orientation, guanxi, social capital