社会杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 174-196.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国农民的环境公正意识与行动取向——以小溪村为例

作者：刘春燕,上海大学社会学院、上海大学中国社会转型与社会组织研究中心.   

  1. 作者：刘春燕,上海大学社会学院、上海大学中国社会转型与社会组织研究中心.
  • 出版日期:2012-01-20 发布日期:2012-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘春燕,上海大学社会学院、上海大学中国社会转型与社会组织研究中心 E-mail:liuchunyan@shu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:作者：刘春燕上海大学社会学院、上海大学中国社会转型与社会组织研究中心（Author: Liu Chunyan，School of Sociology, Shanghai University; Chinese Transformation and Social Organization Research Centre of Shanghai University） Email： liuchunyan@shu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    **本文为上海市教委规划课题“遭遇社会的中国乡村经济研究”的阶段成果之一（224704）。

Chinese Farmers’ Environmental Justice and Action Approach: A Case Study on Environmental Complaint in Xiaoxi Village

Author: Liu Chunyan，School of Sociology, Shanghai University; Chinese Transformation and Social Organization Research Centre of Shanghai University.   

  1. Author: Liu Chunyan，School of Sociology, Shanghai University; Chinese Transformation and Social Organization Research Centre of Shanghai University.
  • Online:2012-01-20 Published:2012-01-20
  • Contact: Liu Chunyan，School of Sociology, Shanghai University; Chinese Transformation and Social Organization Research Centre of Shanghai University. E-mail:liuchunyan@shu.edu.cn
  • About author:作者：刘春燕上海大学社会学院、上海大学中国社会转型与社会组织研究中心（Author: Liu Chunyan，School of Sociology, Shanghai University; Chinese Transformation and Social Organization Research Centre of Shanghai University） Email： liuchunyan@shu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    **The paper was funded by the Education Committee of Shanghai, as part of the program “Study on Economy in Chinese Rural Community”(224704).

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摘要：

不同民族和文化对环境公正及运动的地方化理解，有别于西方主流含义，构成全球环境公正和环境治理的前提。本文以一个中国基层农村社区的居民反对当地钨矿开采而进行的上访为例，试图揭示在独特的产权结构下中国农民的环境公正意识及行动取向。在这一个案中，少数钨矿老板一方面通过垄断并无偿使用公共资源获得暴利，另一方面却将严重的生态问题以环境零成本的方式转嫁给当地。这种“私人赢利，集体买单”的现象，是村民感到环境不公的根源。与西方社会尤其是美国公众在“环境公正”问题上强调“公平分配”环境利益与环境危害立法的政治参与诉求不同，当前中国农民在环境公正问题上的关注，主要集中在政府与企业在无偿获得公共利益的同时是否承担相应的集体或社会责任方面。

关键词: 中国农民, 环境公正意识, 政府, 企业, 集体责任

Abstract:

 It is important to do some close examinations of environmental justice in local. Such pluralistic notions of environmental justice beyond the mainstream meaning of west countries, and will be the premises of global environmental governance. This paper provides a case study on environmental complaint in china, shows the local meaning of environmental justice. Few owners of the tungsten mine factory make a great profit by monopoly and free utilizing common resources, but leave serious ecological disaster in the local with zero cost on environment use. The phenomenon of ‘individual gain but collective pay’ is the character in China today, which is also the root leading to villagers’ unjust feelings and complaints. Environmental justice in China is different from its western definition, it is not ‘fair shares’ of the environmental benefits and harms, and not in formal structures of environmental government and policy, but collective responsibility of government and enterprises which get great benefits from the common environment freely.

Key words: Chinese farmers, environmental justice, government, enterprise, collective responsibility