社会杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 211-236.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

方言能力、语言环境与城市移民创业行为

杨晔1, 朱晨2, 谈毅3   

  1. 1. 上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院投资系;
    2. 上海财经大学城市与区域科学学院/财经研究所区域经济研究中心;
    3. 上海交通大学安泰经管学院金融系
  • 出版日期:2019-01-20 发布日期:2019-01-20
  • 作者简介:朱晨,E-mail:18301717338@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    本研究得到国家自然科学基金面上项目“制度学习、文化差异与跨境风险投资行为与绩效研究”（71573163）和国家自然科学基金面上项目“不确定性视角下我国早期阶段风险投资行为研究”（71573174）的资助。

Dialect Competence,Language Environment and Urban Migration Entrepreneurship

YANG Ye1, ZHU Chen2, TAN Yi3   

  1. 1. Department of Investment, School of Public Economics and Management, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics;
    2. Resarch Center of Regional Economy, School of Urban and Regional Sciences/Institute of Finance and Economics, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics;
    3. Department of Finance, Antai College of Economics & Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
  • Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-20
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSSFC) in the title of "Research of Institutional Learning, Cultural Differences and Cross-border Risk Investment Behavior and Performance" (71573163) and "Research on Risk Investment Behavior in Early Stage of China from the Perspective of Uncertainty"(71573174)

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摘要：

本文旨在探讨方言能力对城市移民创业行为的影响和对语言环境的调节效应。基于“身份认同理论”，以2010年和2012年中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）数据为样本，通过区分移民方言能力的沟通属性与文化属性，建立基于线性概率模型的创业决策模型和基于多元回归模型的创业收入模型。研究发现，方言能力的文化属性使移民创业的概率增加1.8%。在采用“双胞胎样本”方法排除样本选择偏误和内生性后，这一结果依旧稳健存在。分样本回归分析发现，方言能力只对教育水平较低的移民有显著的正向影响，对拥有不同物质资本的个体没有敏感性。进一步分析发现，方言能力对移民创业决策的促进作用在语言种类较少和普通话普及程度较低的地区更加明显，但对创业收入没有上述影响。本文有助于揭示语言在移民创业活动中的重要作用。

关键词: 文化差异, 身份认同, 语言能力, 语言多样性, 创业决策

Abstract:

In China,language has the dual attributes of "communication" and "culture". On the one hand,good communication skills not only help businessmen grasp information accurately but also help them impress creditors to secure external financing.On the other hand, local dialect competence help promote shared identity and facilitate local social networking to gain access to business resources and ease business transactions. This paper applies the social identity theory to explore the important role of the cultural attributes of language in migrant entrepreneurial behaviors. The data is drawn from the Chinese Family Panel Survey Data (CFPS). The regulation effect of language environment is analyzed through indicators of linguistic diversity and popularity of Mandarin.The study finds that after controlling the "communication attributes" of the language, the "cultural attributes" of the language increased the probability of migrants' entrepreneurship by 1.8%. The outcome is consistently presented even after applying the "twin" sample to overcome potential selectivity bias and endogeneity. The study also finds that the significance of the "cultural attributes" of language affects the migrant group with "low material capital" but is not visible with the group with "high material capital", an indication that social capital of shared cultural identityis used to compensate for the lack of material capital.Also,areas with less linguistic diversity and a lower level of Mandarin usage see more effects of the "cultural attributes" of language in migrants' start-up business decisions,however, such attributes have no impact on business income.This study enriches the existing research on language behaviors by making a link between language and entrepreneurship that reveals the important role of "cultural attributes" of language in migrants' business behaviors.

Key words: entrepreneurship, linguistic diversity, cultural differences, identity, language ability