社会杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 153-179.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

性别是一种生产力:酒吧中的性别景观构建及维系

刘子曦, 黄燕华   

  1. 厦门大学社会与人类学院
  • 发布日期:2021-09-27
  • 作者简介:黄燕华,E-mail:hyh305073251@foxmail.com

Gender as Productivity: Making and Maintaining Gender Spectacle in Bars

LIU Zixi, HUANG Yanhua   

  1. School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University
  • Published:2021-09-27

摘要: 与传统的工业生产领域不同,休闲娱乐行业内生产与消费的界限较为模糊。如何有效地将消费者纳入快感体验的集体生产过程,是消费主义时代资本运行面临的重要问题。本文以景观社会为视角,基于对酒吧经营策略与消费者体验的调查,提出“性别景观”与“互为景观”两个概念。构建与维系性别景观是酒吧盈利的核心策略,也是资本谋取利益的重要渠道。基于对主流性别文化的运作和对时间、空间的切割与重置,资本精心编排了以饮酒为依托的景观秩序,将女性和男性分别打造为情感体验的生产者和消费者,并在同性之间制造差异和分化,形成“中心—边缘”的核心秩序与颠覆主流性别文化的局部秩序。各性别主体与性别实践互为景观,相互配合,共同构建与维系了酒吧的性别景观。

关键词: 景观社会, 性别景观, 互为景观, 消费主义

Abstract: Different from the production in traditional industries, the boundary between production and consumption process is rather blurred in the leisure and entertainment industry. How to effectively incorporate consumers into the collective production process of pleasure experience is an important issue for capital operation in the era of consumerism. This paper is an investigation of bar business strategy and consumer experience from the perspective of "the society of the spectacle". It puts forward two concepts of "gender spectacle" and "mutual spectacle". The paper finds that construction and maintenance of gender spectacle are the core strategy of bar business profitability and high capital investment return. By observing the mainstream gender culture and skillfully managing time and space, businesses carefully orchestrate a spectacle order in which women and men act respectively as producers and consumers of pleasure experience. Differences and divisions within the same gender group are created to form a "center-periphery" core order, as well as a partial order that subverts the mainstream gender culture. It is a mutual spectacle through the cooperation of all involved and together they contribute to the construction and maintenance of the bar gender spectacle order while bar operators become invisible scenery setters. This paper contributes to the micro empirical foundation of the spectacle theory. It opens up discussion on the construction mechanism of spectacle and the subjectivity of agents, and adds to the analysis of the development of gender culture in the context of consumer society. In sum, this paper helps further the discussion on the logic of capital of consumer capitalism.

Key words: the society of the spectacle, gender spectacle, mutual spectacle, consumerism