社会杂志 ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 104-133.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

记忆研究的“社会—文化”范式:对“哈布瓦赫—阿斯曼”研究传统的解读

刘亚秋   

  1. 中国社会科学杂志社
  • 出版日期:2018-01-20 发布日期:2018-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘亚秋 E-mail:yaqiuliu@163.com

The Society-Culture Paradigm in Memory Study: An Interpretation of the Halbwachs-Assmann Research Tradition

LIU Yaqiu   

  1. Social Sciences in China Press
  • Online:2018-01-20 Published:2018-01-20

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摘要：

通过分析“哈布瓦赫—阿斯曼”研究路径中有关社会、文化等概念，可以得出一个较为清晰的记忆研究的“社会—文化”范式，从而弥补当下记忆研究无范式的缺陷。这一范式尤其体现在与神圣记忆密切相关的“社会框架论”、社会品质，以及卡农、神话、节日等概念中。从社会学角度看，能够促发人们回忆的社会力来自涂尔干所谓的“神圣社会”。哈布瓦赫记忆理论中的“社会框架论”和“社会品质”概念是涂尔干的“社会本体论”思想的核心表现，由此形成一种哈布瓦赫的“神圣记忆观”。扬·阿斯曼文化记忆理论中的重要概念“卡农”，也是一种神圣记忆。卡农等概念是扬·阿斯曼对哈布瓦赫的“社会框架论”的继承和推进。上述要素构成记忆研究的“社会—文化”范式的基础。从“取向”讨论转向“范式”分析，有助于推进社会记忆研究传统的生成和发展。

关键词: 集体记忆, 社会框架, 文化记忆, 卡农, 神圣记忆

Abstract:

The societal and cultural concepts in Halbwachs-Assmann research tradition offers us a society-culture paradigm that remedies what is absent in the existing memory study. The paradigm is presented through concepts that are closely related to sacred memories, such as the social framework of memory, social quality and the Canon, myths, festivals, and etc. For sociology, the social power that stimulates people's memories comes from the so-called "Sacred Society" described by Durkheim. Halbwachs' collective memory theory is rooted deeply in sociological tradition. Concepts such as social framework and social quality are at the core of Durkheim's social ontology. They helped Halbwachs formulate his sacred memory theory. Likewise, Jan Assmann's cultural memory theory continues Halbwachs' study of sacred memory by supplementing a new dimension of cultural memory. This relationship forms the foundation of the society-culture paradigm in the memory study. Taking the meaning of cultural rules in history as its core, the paradigm emphasizes the combination of social and cultural dimensions in memory and provides a systematic analysis of how historical society becomes possible. To change the social memory study from "orientation discussion" to "paradigm analysis" can be beneficial to the development of the social memory research tradition.

Key words: collective memory, social framework, cultural memory, Canon, sacred memory